Sociology

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  • Created by: brown153
  • Created on: 28-11-19 09:02
Weber - Substantive
Defines religion as belief in a superior or supernatural power.
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Durkheim - Functional
Defines religion in terms of the contribution it makes to social intergration.
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Social contructionists
They take an interpretivist approach that focuses on how members define religion.
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Durkheim
The sacred and profane
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Durkheim
Totenism- sacred objects.
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Durkheim
The collective conscience is the shared norms, values, beliefs and knowledge.
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Durkheim
Sees religion not only as the source of social solidarity but also our cognitive capacities.
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Mestrovic
He argues that Durkheims ideas cannot be applied to a contemporary society.
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Malinowski
It perfoms psychological functions for individuals.
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Parsons
Sees religion helping individuals to cope with unforeseen events and uncontrollable outcomes.
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Bellah
Religion unifies society such as America.
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Marx
ideology is a belief system that distorts people's perception of reality in ways that serves the ruling class.
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Marx
Also sees religion as the product of allienation.
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Armstrong - feminsit
Sees exclusion from the priesthood as evidence of women's marginalisation.
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Armstrong
Argues that early religion placed women at the centre.
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Woodhead
Women use religion to gain freeom and respect.
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Weber
Calvinism brought about a major social change- capitalism
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Bruce
Bruce describes the black civil rights movement as a religiously motivated social change.
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Bruce
described the black clergy as the backbone of the movement.
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Engels
Religion can challenge the status quo.
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Bloch
Dual character
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Gramsci
Hegemony - the ruling class use ideas such as religion to maintain control.
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Wilson
Western societies has been undergoing long-term process of secularisation.
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Weber
Rationalisation
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Weber
Disenchantment
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Bruce
Technology has taken over religious thinking.
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Parson
Structural differentiation - other instututions have taken over religions functions.
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Parson
Disengagement and privatisation.
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Berger
religious diversity helped cause secularisation.
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Bruce
Cultural defence and cultural transition.
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Berger
Argues that diversity and choice stumulate interest in religion.
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Davie
Obligation to consumption.
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Davie
Believing without belonging
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Davie
The churches are there when people want to use them.
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Voas and Crockett
Neither believing nor belonging.
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Hervieu-Leger
Spiritual shopping.
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Helland
Religion online - use religion to adress their memebers. Online Religion- cyber religion.
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Lyon
Religious consumerism.
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Lyon
New age- moving away from religion to spirituality.
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Lyon
Re-enchanment - with the growth of unconventional beliefs, practices and spirituality.
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Stark and Bainbridge
The cycle of renewal and religioud competitions.
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Norris and Inglehart
Existential security theory
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Davie
Fundamentalist come around when they feel threatened.
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Bruce
Monothestic
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Wilson
argues that periods of rapid change disrupt and undermine established norms and values.
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Popper
Science is an open belief system.
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Kuhn
Paradigm
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Interpretivist sociologists
scientific knowledge is socially sonstructed.
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Gellner
nationalism is a modern phenomenon.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Defines religion in terms of the contribution it makes to social intergration.

Back

Durkheim - Functional

Card 3

Front

They take an interpretivist approach that focuses on how members define religion.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The sacred and profane

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Totenism- sacred objects.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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