Sociology

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Define the term reconstituted family.
One or both adults have children from a previous relationship and combine to form a new family.
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Define the term arranged marriage.
A marriage arranged by other people without the bride or grooms consent. More of a union between two families than two people.
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Define the term monogamy.
Married to just one person at a time.
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Define the term serial monogamy.
Being married more than once but at different times.
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Define the term polygamy.
A form of marriage in which one sex can be married to 2 or more members of the opposite sex at the same time.
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Define the term polygyny.
A form of marriage where the MAN may have two or more wives at the same time.
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Define the term polyandry.
A form of marriage where the FEMALE may have two or more husbands at the same time.
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Define the term bigamy.
Illegally being married to two or more people at the same time.
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Define the term nuclear family.
2 generations of family living together, usually parents and children.
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Define the term extended family.
3 or more generations of family which are different types (CEF, MEF, BP).
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Define the term classic extended family.
Family with 3 or more generations living together or close by.
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Define the term modified extended family.
Family members live apart but keep in close contact with eachother (calls visits etc).
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Define the term beanpole family.
Family with 3 or more generations but with fewer family members in each. Caused by small family sizes, infant mortality rate, single parent families and decreases in birth rate.
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Define the term patrilineal.
Titles and inheritance passed down the male line.
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Define the term matrilineal.
Titles and inheritance passed down the female line.
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Define the term patrilocal.
Couple settles in the area of male family.
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Define the term matrilocal.
Couple settles in the area of females family.
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Define the term patrifocal.
Single parent family headed by male.
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Define the term matrifocal.
Single parent family headed by female.
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Define the term household.
Group of people living together and sharing facilities.
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Define the term instrumental role.
Provider/breadwinner role in the family, usually the male.
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Define the term expressive role.
Caring and emotional role in the family, usually the female.
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Define the term living apart together.
When you're a couple in a relationship but don't live together for various reasons.
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Define the term singleton.
Man or woman with no sexual partner.
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Define the term birth rate.
Number of live births per 1000 of the population per year.
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Define the term general fertility rate.
The number of live births per 1000 women of child bearing age (15-44).
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Define the term total fertility rate.
The average number of children a woman will have during their child bearing years.
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Define the term infant mortality rate.
Number of babies that die within their first year of being alive.
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Define the term social policy.
Measures including laws which are implemented by local or national government.
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Define the term social construct.
Something created by society.
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Define the term immigration.
Action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country (moving in).
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Define the term emigration.
Leaving your own country to settle permanently in another (moving out).
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Define the term net migration.
Number of immigrants exceeds number of emigrants (more or less people coming in than leaving).
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Define the term demography.
Study of births, deaths, income statistics which shows a changing structure of society.
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Define the term age patriarchy.
Adults having control over children, with children being dependent upon adults. Adults control access to resources, time, space and bodies.
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Define the term childfree.
Choosing not to have children.
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Define the term childless.
Not being able to have children.
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Who is George Peter Murdock?
He is a functionalist who claims to have studied over 250 societies all over the world. He believes the family is universal and in all societies, it has the same characteristics.
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How does Murdock define the term family?
'Two adults of the opposite sex, engaged in a sexual relationship, with children (their own or adopted). All members share a common residence, offering each other financial and emotional support.
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What type of family is Murdock defining here?
Nuclear family.
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What types of families does this definition exclude?
Same sex families, families without children, reconstituted families, single parent families, living apart together and cohabitation.
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Who did the sociologist Gough study?
The Nayar Tribe in Southern India.
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What did Gough find out?
Women married their husbands but did not live with them. They took several lovers from visiting warriors. They took responsibility of bringing up their kids and only duty to their husband was to mourn him at his funeral.
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What type of family structure is Gough describing?
Polyandry and matrifocal.
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How does the Nayar Tribe not fit into Murdocks description of the family?
They are single parents, have more than one sexual partner and does not live with their husband.
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What did the sociologist Smith study.
Black families in America.
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What did Smith find out?
3% of black families are headed by a single mother. They rely on other female family members from the extended family for emotional support.
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How do black families in America differ from Murdocks definition of the family.
They are single parent families, support comes from extended family and they are matrifocal.
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What did the sociologist Bettelheim study?
The kibbutz in Israel.
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What did Bettelheim find out?
People who live on kibbutz live as an extended family, although they may not be related. They are based on communal living with resources shared equally. Children become the responsibility of the kibbutz and not their parents.
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How do the kibbutz differ from Murdocks definition of the family?
Children are responsibility of everyone, not just their parents, they're not all related and they live as an extended family.
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What do all these different family types suggest?
That Murdocks definition is incorrect and although family is universal, there is not a correct definition for what family stands for.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define the term arranged marriage.

Back

A marriage arranged by other people without the bride or grooms consent. More of a union between two families than two people.

Card 3

Front

Define the term monogamy.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Define the term serial monogamy.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Define the term polygamy.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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