When do infants begin to gradually distinguish themself?
2-6 months
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When do infants display true self recognition?
15-24months
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What is the looking glass self?
Cooley: infants self concept is reliant upon how others respond and react to him/her
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What is categorical self?
a persons categorical view of themself along social dimensions such as gender, age
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What does it take to become self aware?
Social experiences and cognitive development
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The rouge test?
Gallup - 4 chimps exposed to mirror, taken away and anaesthetised and red spot placed on nose, touched spot 30x in 30mins when looked back in mirror.
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Amsterdam?
6-12 months - its another baby 13-24 months - withdrawal 15-24months - its ME. only 4 babies in each age category
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Lewis and Brooks Gunn?
9-24 month olds, observed nose directed behaviour before and after red spot placed on nose, never seen before 15 months. suggested 15-24 months self recognition
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what is carer-child interaction?
pleasure and satisfaction to BOTH
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When do infants develop a single attachment figure?
7 months
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John Bowlby?
Developed attachment theory, believed strongly in interference with institutionalized children and that early relationships with caregivers affect later ones.
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Harry Harlow?
Developed study with monkeys, shown that those deprived of early interactions and attachments affect later life.
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Stages of attachment theory
pre-attachment, attachment in the making, clear cut attachment and reciprocal relations.
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Attachment Phases 1 & 2, instinctual behaviours
Looking, sucking, smiling, crying, cuddling.
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Explain separation and stranger anxiety
Stranger 6-12 months, clings to mother near strangers very fearful and wary, reduced when carer friendly with stranger or in familiar context/environment. Separation 6-15 months.
GOOD = standardised method repeated many times, results based on more than 1 behaviour, early identification. BAD = lacks E.V, cultural differences in child rearing and ethics
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