Socialisation

g671 flashcards on socialisation 

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SOCIAL CONTROL
Methods employed to ensure people comply with society’s rules and regulations • Way of checking that ‘deviance’ is kept to a minimum
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FORMAL
Social institutions are given specific responsibilities for social control • Sometimes signified by a uniform e.g. police and the army .Teachers and social workers also fall into this category
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INFORMAL
•Happens all the time •Is a part of our socialisation • People around us control our behaviour through positive and negative sanctions
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BERGER (1963) IDENTIFIED MOST COMMON METHODS SOCIAL CONTROL
•Physical violence and the threat of it is usually enough to ensure people conform•Economic pressure e.g. strikers having to go back to work because they cannot manage without a wage
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CONTINUED
•Social acceptance because we desire to be accepted by others• Socialisation, we ‘internalise’ the cultural expectations and they become part of our own code of values
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SOCIAL CONTROL & SOCIALISATION ACT TOGETHER ENSURE PEOPLE FOLLOW SOCIETY'S CULTURE
SOCIALISATION LEARNING OF SOCIETY'S VALUES/NORMS/VALUES/RULES SOCIAL CONTROL ENSURES WE ABIDE BY WHAT SOCIALIZATION TAUGHT US
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PRIMARY SOCIALISATION:
Early years of life = stage of primary socialisation • Normally in intimate/prolonged contact with parents, they have a great influence on us & we care about their judgement of us • ‘Significant others’ (parents) key role in norms/values
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SECONDARY SOCIALISATION: work /school /mass media/ religion
The socialisation we receive later in life, when child goes school.• Peer groups, teachers, media and casual acquaintances •Play a ‘supportive’ role, adding to our primary socialisation /Introduce us to new and more complex knowledge and skills/
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RE-SOCIALISATION
Learning new ways when roles change/• Could be a relatively gradual process (e.g. growing into adulthood) •Could be dramatic and abrupt e.g. army recruits experiencing the ‘shock’ of basic training
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KEY METHODS OF SOCIALISATION
•Imitation: copying others, often without realising • Role models: e.g. sisters or parents •Sanctions: positive/negative reinforcements of your behaviour e.g. smiling or frowning
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NATURE VS NURTURE
debate relating to the socialisation process
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NATURE (BIOLOGICAL) ARGUE THAT
born with natural desires & uncontrollable instincts , features of being human ascribed biologically , women love babies/war= agressive
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NURTURE'S VIEW (SOCIOLOGICAL VIEW)
peoples behavior socially learnt , behaviors vary depending culture, human behavior learnt socialization.
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FERAL CHILDREN: behavior learnt through surroundings
people only fully human when socialized, seen in FERAL CHILDREN who raised in wolf packs when abandoned from prolonged human company. develop animal instincts/behavior
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NOTE THAT..
LINK PRIMARY SOCIALISTION TO NATURE VS NURTURE DEBATE USING FERAL CHILDREN AS EG
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FUNCTIONALISM & ROLE OF SOCIALIZATION
society controlled value consensus , ensure this all learn same core values through socialisation . Most important FAMILY. Social control ensures correctly socialised & dysfunctions dealt with when someone disobeys
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CRITISM
underestimate amount of conflict/ fail to recognize don't always conform rules/ children aren't empty vessels
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MARXIST THEORY OF THE ROLE OF SOCIALISATION
argues it programmed us into accepting ruling class values, ZARESKY EG ARGUES FAMILY USED BY CAPITALIST INSTALL VALUES/believe only ruling class benefits it & promotes exploitation.social C used force /persuade us
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critism
having over socialised views of individuals & underestimating level of conflict in socialisation
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AGENTS OF SOCIALISATION
family/ education/ peers/ media/ religion/work
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FAMILY
• last 30 years family life become more diverse because has been rise in numbers lone-parent/reconstituted •Parental figures main agents primary socialisation •Sense of security = crucial for stable personality/learning norms of society
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WAYS CHILDREN SOCIALISED BY FAMILY:
1)MANIPULATION (OAKLEY) 2)DIVERSITY (DUNNE/GOTTMAN/ FUREDI)
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MANIPULATION; encourage whats appropriate eg is gender
OAKLEY: calls ‘canalisation’ & ‘manipulation’. ARGUES gender roles socialised in family,parents treat children differently depending gender(‘boys don’t cry’/‘ballet girls’)•McRobbie&Garber: boys=freedom/girls bedroom
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IMPACT ON DIVERSITY UPON FAMILY:
DUNNE: children brought up homosexual couple more tolerant & see sharing/equality important features relationships•FUREDI (2001) how parenting become paranoid in contemporary uk •Risks harm children been exaggerated & new accent on protection
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Card 2

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FORMAL

Back

Social institutions are given specific responsibilities for social control • Sometimes signified by a uniform e.g. police and the army .Teachers and social workers also fall into this category

Card 3

Front

INFORMAL

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

BERGER (1963) IDENTIFIED MOST COMMON METHODS SOCIAL CONTROL

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

CONTINUED

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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