Social Psychology: Sexual Attraction (5)

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What is polygyny?
where a man has more than one wife (mate multiplication)
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For male fruit flies, what is the relationship between number of mates and number of offspring?
linear
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why is the relationship between number of mates and number of offspring not linear for females?
because they have high parental investment
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which gender varies more in number of offspring and mates?
males
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In Xavante Indians, Brazil, what is the variance in reproductive success for males and females?
males: 12.1, females: 3.9
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Is spouse number beyond the first partner associated with number of children for women?
no
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how many more children to men with 3 or more consecutive spouses have compared to men with 1 spouse (according to Jokela et al 2010)?
19%
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What factors may link to human mating patterns?
size dimorphism, age of sexual maturity, senescence & death, large testes, stronger sex drive
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Why do polygynous species have a higher age of sexual maturity?
So they are fully grown and able to compete with other males for mates
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Why is monogamy common?
infant need for bi-parental care
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Why does monogamy lower male on male violence?
Because it enhances male group solidarity
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How did Johnston 2003 describe feelings?
Evaluative quail whose pleasantness or unpleasantness has evolved to reflect benefits or threats to gene survival
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What did Campbell 2008 find in relation to sex differences of ONS enjoyment?
Men gained much more enjoyment from one night stands
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What is **** sons theory?
A theory relating to women's preferences for short term partners. Suggests women conform to other female's choices to ensure her offspring is considered attractive
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What is good genes theory?
A theory relating to women's preferences for short term partners. Suggests phenotypic expression of good genes is honest advertising
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What is symmetry a heritable index of?
genetic quality, health and developmental stability
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What did Gangestad & Simpson 2000 find that male symmetry predicts?
greater attractiveness, low disease susceptibility, lower age at first intercourse, higher number of sexual partners, better quality of female partners ******
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What indicates a masculine face and what do women rate these faces highly on?
strong jaw line, strong brow ridge and chin. Women rate them highly on maturity and dominance
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What type of male faces do women rate as more attractive?
feminised faces (large eyes and small nose)
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How do hormones effect female judgements of faces?
Women prefer more masculine faces during ovulation
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What hip:shoulder ratio do women prefer?
0.70
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What waist:hip ratio do women prefer?
0.90
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What facial features do men prefer and why?
large pupils, widely spaced eyes, small chin, large lower lip.. because they signal high reproductive value
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What waist:hip ratio do men prefer and why?
0.70 ... higher signals prepubertal age, pregnancy and post-menopause
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women with a lower WHR...
mature earlier, appear healthier, have higher chances of fertilisation, higher levels of estrogens and give birth to relatively heavier new borns
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Why does WHR help a women stay upright when pregnant?
the centre of gravity moves up, fat deposition on the hips redresses the balance
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Why does WHR affect the cognitive development of offspring?
lower body fat has positive effects on the supply of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids which are essential for foetal neurodevelopment
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What did Buss 1989 and Waynforth &Dunbar 1996 both find both sexes to rate highest when choosing a long term partner?
Intelligence, sense of humour, personality and mutual love
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Wha difference did Enrich et al 1990 find between men and women's long term partner choice?
Women's minimum acceptable level of intelligence, attractiveness and kindness are all higher than men's minimum acceptable level
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According to Buss & Schmitt 1993, what are the main preferences of males for long term partner choice?
youth, fertility, faithfulness
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According to Buss & Schmitt 1993, what are the main preferences of females for long term partner choice?
resources/status/ambition and generosity
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Across all cultures, what did Buss & Schmitt 1993 find men to rate higher than women and women to rate higher than men?
Men = attractiveness as more important. Women = good financial prospect more important
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What is homogamy?
being with someone from the same background as you
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What is the operation sex ratio (Guttentagg & Secord 1993)?
a measure of the reproductively available mates. The sex in the most demand impose their preferred strategy
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What does Life History Theory suggest?
Paternal absence affects female STS. they develop stress, a poor IWM and have earlier menarche, sexual activity, 1st birth, and unrestricted sociosexuality!
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What is unrestricted sociosexuality?
a willingness to engage in short term relationships without demanding commitment
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

For male fruit flies, what is the relationship between number of mates and number of offspring?

Back

linear

Card 3

Front

why is the relationship between number of mates and number of offspring not linear for females?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

which gender varies more in number of offspring and mates?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

In Xavante Indians, Brazil, what is the variance in reproductive success for males and females?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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