Social Learning Theory

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  • Created by: caitlin
  • Created on: 20-05-14 13:55
Conditions for effective social learning
1; pay attention to the model performing the action, 2; be able to rememeber the action, 3; have the ability to replicate the action, 4; be motivated to replicate the action
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Social Learning Theory
Bandura and Walters believed that aggression could not be explained using traditional theory where only direct experience was seen as responsible for acqusiton of new behaviour. SLT suggest we learn by observing others.
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Observations
Children primarily learn their aggressive behaviour through observation then imitating that behaviour. Where operant conditioning suggest we learn through direct reinforcement, SLT suggest we learn from the consequences from others indirect/vicarious
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Mental Representation
Bandura claimed that in order for social learning to take place, the child must form mental representation of event in their social environment. must represent possivle rewards and punishments from their behaviour.
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production of behaviour - maintenance through direct experience
if a child is reward/punished they are more likely to repeat/ not repeat again in the future. A child who successfully bullies another child will place value on aggression.
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Self-efficacy expectancies
children also develop confidence in their ability to carry out the necessary aggressive actions.
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Bobo Doll study- male and female p's aged 3-5 watched a adult model intereact aggressively with a doll and some to non aggressive behaviour.
Following exposure children were frustrated by showing attractive toys that they werent allowed to play with. then were shown the Bobo doll. 1/3 in aggressive condition repeated violent behaviour. where no child was aggressive in the other condition
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Validity / ecological
possible that the children were aware or what was expected of them (demand characteristics) Noble reports one child saying "look mummy that is the doll we have to hit"/ in this they hit a doll that won't hit back but in real life a person will
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Applicability to adults
Studies around SLT involved children, but does it expalin adult behaviour? Phillips found that daily homicide rates in the US almost alwasy increased in the week following a boxing match,suggesting viewers were imitating behaviours they watched
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Role of vicarious learning
A strengh of SLT is that, unluke operant conditioning, it explains aggressive behaviour in the absence of direct reinforcement. P's in Banduras study werent positively rewarded for their behaviour, aggressive or not aggressive.
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Individual differences
people respond differently in different situations because they have obsereved that aggression is reward in some situations and not in others.
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Social Learning Theory

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Bandura and Walters believed that aggression could not be explained using traditional theory where only direct experience was seen as responsible for acqusiton of new behaviour. SLT suggest we learn by observing others.

Card 3

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Observations

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Card 4

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Mental Representation

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Card 5

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production of behaviour - maintenance through direct experience

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