Back to quiz

6. Define preventional goals

  • Concerned with obligations and personal responsibilities, striving to achieve the 'ought' self
  • Concerned with personal aspiration and accomplishment of set goals, striving to achieve their 'ideal' self
  • Concerned with delaying difficult or important tasks, instead completing easier ones in an attempt of avoidance

7. Define 'social categorisation'

  • An extreme practice of splitting different social categories into separate areas of the city - e.g. 'Dauntless', 'Abnegation', and 'Erudite'
  • Grouping different identities together, for example: 'blue collar', 'white collar', white, black, Asian etc.
  • Splitting society so that it fits into certain categories

8. What do promotional focused people focus on?

  • Achieving through others' failure, creating negative role modelling of 'cramming' rather than focused revision
  • Achieving the highest possible grade, being inspired by positive role models of high achievement and trying to emulate them
  • Achieving a good enough grade, focusing their energy on social and creative tasks that will help their mental health

9. What is the central hypothesis of SIT?

  • Out-groups form as part of a resistance to majority views
  • In-groups seek to find negative aspects of an out-group to enhance their self-image
  • In-groups are powerful tools used by the majority in order to control the population

10. Define 'social identification'

  • The extent to which we identify with certain groups and internalise them as part of our self-concept
  • The terms used by society to tell who people are, for example, 'male' and 'female'
  • A process used by the government and public sector agencies to identify people through DNA

11. What do preventional focused people focus on?

  • Achieving the highest possible grade, being inspired by positive role models of high achievement and trying to emulate them
  • Achieving through others' failure, creating negative role modelling of 'cramming' rather than focused revision
  • Achieving a good enough grade, focusing their energy on social and creative tasks that will help their mental health

12. How is discrimination created, according to SIT?

  • Discrimination is created when out-groups threaten the security of the in-group
  • Individuals are more likely to display favouritism when an in-group is central to their self-definition and a given comparison is meaningful.
  • Discrimination is created when our structural, cultural and personal identities cause us to act on our prejudices

13. What type of goals would a high-achiever focus on?

  • Promotional goals
  • Preventional goals
  • Procrastitive goals

14. How does a high achiever evaluate their actions?

  • Against their 'actual' self, a moderate factual comparison, such as their previous performance or the average performance
  • Against the low achiever, boosting their self esteem, and causing them to become competitive
  • Against the highest achiever, making them want to do better and causing them to become competitve

15. How does a low-achiever evaluate their actions?

  • Against their 'ought' self, what they think they should have achieved
  • Against their 'ideal' self, what they think they would ideally have achieved
  • Against their peers actions, and how they could have achieved better

16. What impact does evaluating against the 'ought self' have?

  • Causes an individual to view their performance as a failure, making them anxious and apprehensive about repeating it
  • Causes an individual to view their performance as something to be bettered, increasing motivation
  • Causes an individual to view their performance neutrally, with no real desire to increase or better it

17. According to Tajfel, what happens when people stereotype?

  • We exaggerate differences between the groups, and exaggerate the similarities between things in the out-group
  • We create barriers between the in-group and out-groups, eventually making it so that it is very difficult to exit the in-group
  • We project the insecurities of the in-group onto the out-group

18. What impact does our self perception have?

  • It impacts how we motivated we are to learn new skills
  • It impacts our emotions, our responses to situations and how we ideally want to be
  • It impacts our self esteem and readiness to join in-groups

19. What impact does evaluating against the 'actual self' have?

  • Causes an individual to view their performance as a failure, as they have not transcended into their ideal self
  • Causes an individual to view their performance as a success, increasing self-confidence, or increasing motivation if it is less than their potential
  • Causes an individual to view their performance neutrally, with no real desire to increase or better it