An exchange of resources between at least two people perceived by the recipient or provider to enhance the well being of the recipient
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What might make up a social group?
Parents, siblings, relatives, friends, coach, sport scientists, partner, role models, teammates
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What are the 5 dimensions of a social network?
Aquaintances, people to share activities, friends to visit, people to help in difficult times and confidants
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What are the 3 types of social support?
social integration, perceived support and enacted support
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define social integration
the number of different types of relationships in an athletes support network
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Define perceived support
the perceived probability of support. Subjective judgement that support will be given if requested
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Define enacted support
Specfici support provided to athlete from support network in specfic time frame
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What are the 4 dimensions of support?
tangible, informational, esteem and emotional
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Define tangible support
Concrete instrumental assistance
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Define emotional support
Providing comfort and security so athlete feels loved and cared for
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Define esteem support
Bolsering athletes self esteem and competence
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Define informational support
Providing advice and guidance (tactics, what events to enter)
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What are the 2 main theoretical models that explain the mechanisms by wich social support produces positive outcomes?
Main effects and stress buffering
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Explain the main effects theory
Increases in social support result in increase in performance.
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Main effects are most commonly related to what elements?
social integration elements - more friends = more success
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Explain the stress buffering theory
Social support influences the relationship between a stressor and outcome. Support either protects from neg effects of stressor or reduces neg effects of stressr
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At high levels and low levels of stress what effects do high levels of support have?
At low levels of stress = no difference in +ve outcomes. At high levels = more +ve outcomes
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Stress buffering effects are most commonly related to what elements?
enacted elements
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What are 5 things that make support effective?
initial levels of perceived support, matching hypothesis, context, providers expertise in providing social support, timing of support
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Explain how initial levels of perceived support make support effective
low levels of perceived support benefit the most
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How does the matching hypothesis explain how support is effective?
Matching support to situation - uncontrollable events = esteem and emotional, controllable = tangible and infrmational
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Explain how context makes support effective
In performance contexts eteem support more beneficial than informational and tangible
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How does the providers expertise in delivering social support makes support effective?
Depends on level of knowledge, experience of similar situations and quality of the relationship
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How does the timing of support make support effective?
More beneficial if provided after appraisal then before support has been requested
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What is invisible support?
Teammate requesting support for themselves to help struggling teammate or teammate describing how they overcame 'own problem' to help teammate
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What are 7 applied implications of social support?
most well-intentioned support can be received negatively, need to plan carefully to bolster autonomy, control or S-E, athletes shouldn't feel they have to 'go it alone'....
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5 applied implications continued...
should feel able to ask for support - should not be perceived as sign of weakness, apprecation of difference between perceived and enabled support, support should be matched to situation and awareness of risks in inherent provision of support
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How are the dimensions of support shown in injurt example
tangible support in therapy, emotional in sympathy, esteem in encouragement and reassurance and informational on recovery
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What might make up a social group?
Back
Parents, siblings, relatives, friends, coach, sport scientists, partner, role models, teammates
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