Education was made compulsory for students aged 5-11
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What was the 1944 Butler Education Act?
The Tripartite System was introduced along with the 11+ to allocate students to grammar, secondary modern and technical schools
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Why was the Butler Act a myth of meritocracy?
Girls had to score higher on 11+. The hidden costs mean w/c couldn't afford grammar schools. m/c had tutition. w/c went to poorer primary schools
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What was the Comprehensive System (1965)?
The 11+ was abolished and replaced with catchment areas and streaming
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Why did catchment areas put w/c children at a disadvantage?
Areas with good schools had higher priced houses. m/c parents went to extreme lengths. Sink schools were created in bad catchment areas. It was harder to get a place in crowded areas so schools picked the better students
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How did streaming reproduce class inequalities?
w/c pupils were placed in lower streams and did not have the same access to grades. Behaviour was poor and thus learning was disrupted
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What did the 1988 Education Reform Act aim to do?
Increase competition and parental choice in order to raise standards in schools
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What did Miriam David argue?
Marketisation saw the devlopment of parentocracy
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What did Thatcher introduce to increase competition?
League tables, Ofsted reports, forumla funding, national curriculum, private business sponsorship and prospectus'
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Why are w/c parents at a disadvantage when choosing schools?
They cannot afford transport. They may work shifts and cannot attend open evenings. The m/c had a better cultural, economic and social capital.
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What was the impact of publishing exam league tables and forumla funding?
Schools with good results can be selective with the pupils they take ensuring m/c students get the best education (cream skimming) while schools that do badly enter a spiral of decline where w/c get poorer education (silt-shifting)
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Who are the privileged skilled choosers?
m/c parents with the cultural and economic capital that can allow them to gain educational capital for their children
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Who are the disconnected-local choosers?
w/c parents whose choices were restricted by their lack of economic and cultural capital
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Who are the semi-skilled choosers?
w/c parents that have high aspirations for their children but lack the cultural and economic capital to make sense of the education market
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What changes were introduced under the coalition government?
Promoted a move to academies, introduced free schools, raised university admission fees, abolished EMA, introduced a return to linear A Level and raised the leaving age to 18
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What is privatisation?
The transfer of public assets to private companies so education becomes a source of profit
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What is the cola-isation of schools?
Private companies are penetrating schools directly by introducing brand loyalty such as coffee shops on the premises
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What does Stuart Hall argue?
Privatisation and competition used to drive up standards is a myth used to legitimate the turning of education into a source of private profit
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What was the 1944 Butler Education Act?
Back
The Tripartite System was introduced along with the 11+ to allocate students to grammar, secondary modern and technical schools
Card 3
Front
Why was the Butler Act a myth of meritocracy?
Back
Card 4
Front
What was the Comprehensive System (1965)?
Back
Card 5
Front
Why did catchment areas put w/c children at a disadvantage?
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