through your experiences and others
for example, parents, peers, TV, videogames etc.
2 of 17
how can learning theories explain criminality?
Learning theories suggest that criminality is learnt.
It could be learnt from the people around you or due to your experiences.
therefore, people become criminals because they learn how.
3 of 17
what four things does behaviorism suggest criminality is due to?
1. due to nurture
2. due to people copying behaviours that they see
3. due to our experiences, reinforcement
4. due to experience, lack of punishment and not learning what is wrong
4 of 17
what is the social learning theory?
this theory says we learn through observation and imitation of role models. we observe other people and copy their behavior. This might explain why people turn to deviance/crime if those around them have to.
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what was the sample of Bandura's study?
72 children
36 boys, 36 girls
24 in each group - aggressive model, non-aggressive model, and a control group.
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describe phase one of Bandura's study?
lasted for 10 minutes
the aggressive model kicked and punched the bobo doll whilst using words like 'pow'.
the non-aggressive model ignored the bobo doll and played quietly with other toys.
the control group were not exposed to a model
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describe phase two of Bandura's study?
the children were allowed to play with nice toys for two minutes before being told they were reserved for other children.
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describe phase three of Bandura's study?
children were observed for 20 minutes.
they had to option to play with aggressive or non-aggressive toys.
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what were the findings of Bandura's study?
the aggressive group showed more imitative aggressive behavior.
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what is the main conclusion from Bandura's study?
children imitate behaviour
11 of 17
how can social learning theory be applied to criminality?
The children who were exposed to the aggressive model imitated their behavior.
therefore people who are exposed to criminals may imitate their behaviour and commit crimes.
12 of 17
give three strengths of Bandura's study?
- good explanation, it makes sense.
- some people who commit crimes have had negative experiences during their upbringing.
- highlights the importance of things that happen around children.
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give three weaknesses of Bandura's study?
- not everyone who commits a crime has been exposed to/ seen it before - so can't be copied.
- reductionist - ignore out biology
- might not explain all types of crime.
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what does operant conditioning assume?
assumes that we learn through conditioning.
The consequences of our actions affect our future behaviour.
15 of 17
conditioning ....?
shapes / moulds our behaviour
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Apply operant conditioning to crime?
- if someone hasn't been effectively conditioned, this may lead to criminality.
- some people haven't been punished for certain criminal/deviant behaviors. so they may not learn the correct way to behave.
- some people commit crimes due to the fact that
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
how is behaviour learnt?
Back
through your experiences and others
for example, parents, peers, TV, videogames etc.
Card 3
Front
how can learning theories explain criminality?
Back
Card 4
Front
what four things does behaviorism suggest criminality is due to?
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