social influence ; obedience ; milgram

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MILGRAM'S ORIGINAL OBEDIENCE STUDY
IGDG
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what in particular was milgram hoping to answer the question of?
why all the germans followed hitler's orders in the holocaust
2 of 87
wanted to know if germans were more what?
obedient
3 of 87
began research by establishig what?
method to study obedience
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why is his first study sometimes referred to as the 'baseline' study?
it's the one against which all other variations are compared
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PROCEDURE
DIGND
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how many pps did milgram recruit?
40
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all which gender?
male
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how did he recruit them?
adverts and flyers in the post
9 of 87
meaning they were all what type sample?
volunteer
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what kind of study did the ad say he was doing?
memory
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pps recruited age range?
20-50
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and range jobs?
unskilled to professional
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how much were the offered to take part?
$4.50
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when they arrived at lab how were roles decided?
rigged draw
15 of 87
what was the confederate's name?
mr wallace
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and he always ended up as?
the learner
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while the true pp was?
the teacher
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who was the third person there?
the experimenter
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who was really?
just an actor in a white lab coat
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what were pps told at the start?
they could leave at any time
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what happened to the learner in another room?
strapped in chair in another room + wired w/ electrodes
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what was teacher required to do when learner answered incorrectly?
shock the learner
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were the shocks real?
nope
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what did the shock level start at?
15
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and rose through how many levels to how many volts?
30 levels to 450 volts
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what was 450 volts labelled as?
danger severe shock
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what was the label even at 300 volts?
intense shock
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what did the learner do at that point?
pound on the wall then give no response to next question
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after 315 volt shock what did learner do?
pound on wall again
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after that?
no further response from learner
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when teacher turned to experimenter for guidance what as the standard instruction given?
'an absence of response should be treated as a wrong answer
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if teacher unsure about continuing experimenter used?
sequence of four standard 'prods
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which were?
'please continue' / 'the experiment requires that you continue' / 'it is absolutely essential that you continue' / 'you have no other choice, you must go on2
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findings
digd
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what % pps stopped below 300 volts?
0
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what % pp stopped at 300?
12.5% (5)
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what % cont'd to highest level of 450?
65%
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qualitative data observations of pps showed what?
signs of extreme tension (sweat / trembe / stutter / bite lip / groad / dig in fingernails0
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what did three pps have?
'full-blown uncontrollable seiures'
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prior to the study what did milgram ask 14 psych students to do?
predict pps behaviour
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what % did they estimate would cont 2 450 volts?
3%
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what happened to all pps after the experiment?
debriefed = assured behav was normal
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what were the pps also sent?
follow-up questionairre
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what % reported they felt glad to have participated?
84
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EVALUATION
DFOIGFD
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:( low internal validity
dfigndfg
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why did orne and holland argue pps acted the way they did?
didn't rlly believe they were real electric shocks
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therefore milgram wasn't testing what intended and study lacks?
internal validity
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what did gina perry do to confirm this?
listened to milgram's tapes and reported that many expressed doubts about shocks
50 of 87
howeber, sheridan and king conducted similar study in which what happened?
real shocks given to puppy
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despide real shocks what % male student pps delivered fatal shock?
54
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and what % female?
100%
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why does this suggest effects in milgram's study genuine?
because ppl behaved same way w/ real shocks
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milgram himself reported what % of his pps believed the shocks were real?
70%
55 of 87
:) good external validity
INFGD
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why does it at first appear to lack?
lab study
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however what was central feature of situation?
relationship between experimenter and pp
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so milgram argued lab env accurately reflected what?
wider real life authority relationships
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who and where did hofling et al study?
nurses on hospital ward
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and had the doctors give them what?
unjustified demands
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what levels of obedience did he find?
v high
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how many out of 22 nurses obeyed?
21
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what does this suggest about obedience to auth in milgram's study?
can be generalised
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so his findings have something valuable to tell us about?
how obedience operates in real life
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:) supporting replication
ignd
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what is the french documentary about reality tv?
le jeu de la mort
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what is the replication of milgram's stydy?
pps believed were contestands on pilot episode for new game show
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paid to do what when ordered by presenter?
fake electric shocks
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to who and infront?
to other pps in front of studio audience
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what % pps gave maximum shock of 460 volts to apparently unconscious man
80%
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what were two behavioural characteristsics similar to milgram's?
nervous laughter / nail biting / etc
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what does this demonstrate about milgran's finsings?
not a one off
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EVALUATION EXTRA
INDGD
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:( alt exp - social idenitty theor
dignd
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in milgram's study who can it be suggested pps identified with?
experimenter
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why?
id w/ science
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so why did obedience levels fall?
pps identified less w/ science and more w/ victim
78 of 87
what did haslam and reicher analyse?
behav of pps in study
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what did they look at people's behaviour after?
one of four prods used
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how many of the prods demand obedience?
1
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what do the other three do?
appeal for help with science
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everytime the 4th prod was used what did the pp dp?
quit
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:( ethical issues
digndfg
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what did milgram lead pps to believe?
role allocation random
85 of 87
and most significant deception was?
electric shocks
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what did bauman see that this deceptiona dn betrayal could do?
damage reputation of psychologists and rsrch
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what in particular was milgram hoping to answer the question of?

Back

why all the germans followed hitler's orders in the holocaust

Card 3

Front

wanted to know if germans were more what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

began research by establishig what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

why is his first study sometimes referred to as the 'baseline' study?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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