The lowest type of conformity, it is going along with those in public, however not altering private opinions. Behaviour stops as soon as group pressure stops.
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Define internalisation.
The deepest type of conformity, when one genuinely accepts the group norms. Public, private and permanent change in behaviour. Behaviour withstands in absence of a group.
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Define identification.
Moderate type of conformity, where we value an aspect of a group and want to be part of it but don't agree with everything the group stands for.
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Define informational social influence (ISI).
We agree with the majority because we believe they are correct, and we want to be correct also.
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Define normative social influence (NSI).
We agree with the majority because we want to be liked and accepted.
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What can NSI lead to?
Compliance.
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What can ISI lead to?
Internalisation.
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What is Deutsch and Gerard's two-process theory?
The two main reasons people conform are the need to be right, and the need to be liked.
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What is the issue with Deutsch and Gerard's two-process theory in terms of how ISI and NSI operate?
ISI and NSI are implied to work independently of one another, when really they work together.
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What is the issue in Asch's study if NSI and ISI work together?
Conformity is reduced when there is a dissenting ppt- may reduce power of NSI by providing social support or reduce power of ISI by providing alternative information.
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What becomes the issue with the two-process model if NSI and ISI work together?
We cannot be sure whether people will internalise, identify or comply with those opinions.
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What is the issue with NSI?
Some people are less concerned with being liked, whereas some are nAffiliators.
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What did McGhee and Teevan find in relation to nAffiliators?
Students who have a high need for affiliation have a higher need to conform.
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What are the differences between ISI and NSI?
The need to be right vs. the need to be liked. Cognitive vs. emotional. Internalisation vs. compliance. Belief vs. behaviour. Permanent vs. temporary. Private vs. public.
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What were Asch's findings with students compared to other participants in relation to ISI?
Only 28% of students conformed compared to the 37% of other participants.
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What did Perrin and Spencer find in support of Asch's differing levels of education?
Only one engineering student in 396 trials conformed compared to the 36.8% in the original Asch study.
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What do Asch and Perrin and Spencer's studies show?
ISI impacts people differently, perhaps due to confidence in intelligence.
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What were Asch's findings in relation to support for NSI?
When asked why they conformed, many participants said they felt self-conscious giving the correct answer because they were afraid of disapproval.
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What did Asch find to support what the participants had said to him?
Asked people to write their results down instead of saying them out loud: conformity fell to 12.5%.
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Give an IRL example of NSI and ISI working together.
When you go see a band and the rest of the group sees it as bad- are they just mocking you or are they just right?
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