Social Influence AS

?
Define conformity
Yielding to group pressure or going along with the majority.
1 of 34
Define compliance
When personal views on a subject do not change however the person publicly agree with the views expressed by others.
2 of 34
Define identification
When personal views may change temporarily
3 of 34
Define internalisation
When personal views are changed to match those of the group permanently.
4 of 34
Define Informative Social Influence (ISI)
When we conform because of our desire to be right. This often occurs when we doubt our abilities or opinions or when we are in an ambiguous situation. More likely to lead to internalisation.
5 of 34
Define Normative Social Influence (NSI)
When we conform because we desire to be accepted and fear being rejected. This often occurs when we want to be accepted by a group and avoid rejections, therefore to gain social approval.
6 of 34
Name the 3 variables that affect conformity
Task Difficulty, Group Size and Unanimity
7 of 34
Define task difficulty as a variable affecting conformity
When a task is easy or when people have prior knowledge and expertise they are far less likely to conform to an incorrect answer. Whereas if the task is ambiguous conformity will increase as participants will look to others for conformation.
8 of 34
Define Unanimity as a variable affecting conformity
When an inaccurate or accurate dissenter is involved conformity decreases and it gives others confidence to express their opinion. Whereas when the group is unanimous conformity increases.
9 of 34
Define Group size as a variable affecting conformity
When the group size is small (e.g. one confederate) conformity decreases. Whereas when the group size increase conformity does as well.
10 of 34
What two studies are examples of conformity
Asch and Zimbardo.
11 of 34
Define obedience
A type of social influence when an individual carries out the instruction of a perceived authority figure and acts according to the direct orders of an authority figure.
12 of 34
Name 3 situation variables affecting conformity
Proximity, Location and Uniform
13 of 34
Define proximity in terms of Milgram
If an authority figure had left the room and instructed the teacher by phone from another room, 20.5% of participants go to 450v. Also when the teacher and learner are in the same room, 40% of participants go to 450v.
14 of 34
Name the explanations of obedience
Legitimate Authority, Agentic State, and Authoritarian Personality.
15 of 34
Explain legitimate authority.
The social power held by authority figures whose role is defined by social and//or the situation. Usually gives the person authority to exert control over the behaviour of others. We feel obligate to those in power because we respect their credential
16 of 34
Explain the agentic state
People shift from an autonomous state to an agentic state. They become an agent of another persons wishes and therefore enter a state of mind where they lose sense of personal responsibility.
17 of 34
Explain authoritarian personality
Having a state of mind or attitude where someone has belief in absolute obedience or submission to their own authority as well as the administration of that belief through the oppression of their subordinates.
18 of 34
What studies support obedience
Milgram, and Milgram&Elms
19 of 34
Define resistance to social influence
Indépendant behaviour occurs when a person does not conform to group norms or resists obeying an authority figure.
20 of 34
Define locus of control
Term refers to a persons perception of personal control over their own behaviour. On a scales of either high internal locus of control or high external locus of control.
21 of 34
Define external locus of control
Less likely to show independent behaviour and more likely to be influenced by others. Less likely to resist the pressure to conform and more likely to conform. Believe things happen to them and perceive their behaviour as being caused by luck etc.
22 of 34
Define internal locus of control
Great deal of personal control&take responsibility for their own actions. More likely to resist the pressure to conform and much less likely to obey. Make up their own minds&tend to not need social approval, feel less NSI.
23 of 34
Define social support
The presence of people who resist pressure to conform or obey, help others to do the same. They act as role models to show others that resistance is possible.
24 of 34
Explain resisting the pressure to conform through Social Support
If someone outwardly expresses disagreement with the majority and breaks the unanimity of a group, it is easier for another individual to resist the group pressure.
25 of 34
Explain resisting the pressure to obey through Social Support
Disobedient peers act as role models on which we can base our own behaviour. If we see someone else standing up to authority, it shows us theres alternative ways of responding. When the naive participant had a disobedient ally, obedience declined.
26 of 34
Define minority influence
When a minority is able to cause a change in the behaviour of a majority. People convey to the minority view rather than conform.
27 of 34
Factors that help a minority exert influence on a majority?
Flexibility, commitment and consistency
28 of 34
Define consistency
The minority will be more successful if all of them are consistent in their message over time. By being consistent its harder for the majority to ignore the alternative view that is available.
29 of 34
Define commitment
If the minority is seen to be willing to suffer for their beliefs, it gives the impression that their cause must be worth it and could help convert more people. This is the augmentation principle.
30 of 34
Define flexibility
The minority must not be too rigid in their argument or they will be seen to be narrow minded or eccentric and people will dismiss them because they are too different. They need to be co-operative, moderate and reasonable and also negotiate.
31 of 34
Examples of a study that supports minority influence
Moscovici et al
32 of 34
Define social change
When a society as a whole adopts new beliefs or ways of behaving.
33 of 34
Explain the process of social change
Minority draws attention to an issue and they need to be consistent. This creates conflict in some peoples minds then sometimes causing internalisation. This view then snowballs are eventually the minority become the majority.
34 of 34

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define compliance

Back

When personal views on a subject do not change however the person publicly agree with the views expressed by others.

Card 3

Front

Define identification

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Define internalisation

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Define Informative Social Influence (ISI)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all SOCIAL INFLUENCE resources »