Social, Economic And Cultural Changes.

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  • Created by: cieran_10
  • Created on: 17-03-18 15:23
In the first part of what period did England's economy grow rapidly?
The Early Modern Period.
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In what decade was the population of England at 2.4 million?
1520's.
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By what time had the English population risen to 5 million people?
By the middle of 17th century.
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Until when did the English population stay stable?
The middle of the 18th century.
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In what century did England only have a small number of large numbers?
The 1500's.
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Give the population range of the average population of an Early Modern English large town.
5000-10,000.
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Between was years did the number of large town double?
Between 1600 and 1750.
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By what year did MOST English people live in the countryside, but migrate to towns to find work?
1750.
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What did the surge of people in large towns do to Public Health in them? Why?
It worsened it; there were more people to deal with.
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What was the population of Norwich in the 16th century and what did this mean for it?
It was at 12,000, which meant that it was the largest in the UK.
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What is the current population of Norwich?
130,000.
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What happened as the English population increased? (2.)
There was a higher demand for food and land.
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As the demand for land increased, what happened to landowners rents?
They too increased.
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When did the food prices rise rapidly?
In the 16th century.
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What did landowners do, to make more money?
They improved farming techniques.
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What happened to open fields, to create large farms? What was this instead of?
They were closed, instead of many fields being shared by many farmers.
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What was marginal land?
Land that had never been farmed on before.
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What happened to the poorer quality marginal land?
It was cleared and enclosed too.
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What did the fair enclosures mean for MANY farmers?
They were evicted.
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Where did the farmers go, when they were evicted and why?
They went to towns and cities, to get work.
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By what time did many townspeople work in trade and small industries?
By the 18th century.
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Give two examples of small Early Modern industries.
Textile production and mining.
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What were the rural people doing too?
They were working in small industries too.
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How did the rural people get food?
By relying on other people.
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In the Early Modern Period, what did the economy become?
Commercial.
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Where did shops begin to open in during the Early Modern Period?
In villages.
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What happened to towns' identities?
They became defined by their industries.
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What did Newcastle became known for?
Coal.
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What is specialisation?
When a certain town became/becomes known for a certain industry or thing.
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What type of trade was developed during the Early Modern Period?
Long-distance/domestic trade.
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Why did poverty increase during the Early Modern Period?
As wages did not rise as fast as prices.
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What decreased the quality of Public Health during the Early Modern Period? (2.)
Poverty, which meant that people could not eat good food.
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From what century did Britain begin to establish international trade routes?
The 17th century.
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Give three international trade routes that Britain established from the 17th century?
The Americas, Asia and Africa.
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What did international trade do for British employment? (3.)
It increased it (in ports and on ships.)
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What did the international trade do for British development? (2.)
It supported it, in terms of towns.
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Why did industrial production increase during the Early Modern Period?
As the British people were exporting more goods overseas.
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What were nobles?
They're the social elite people, who owned land and governed England.
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Give two examples of nobles?
Earls and dukes.
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Who were then gentry?
They were the people who owned land and lived from its income.
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Who were the commoners? Give two examples. (3.)
Rich famers (yeomen) and labourers, meaning they were people who worked for a wage.
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Give the order (from the most powerful to the least) of the Early Modern hierarchy. (3.)
Nobles, gentry and commoners.
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Why did the Early Modern class system begin to break down? (3.)
As the commoners began to get higher paying and professional jobs (like lawyers) which allowed them to join the gentry when they bought land with the money they saved.
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Between what two centuries were schools began to be made?
Between the 16th century and the 17th century.
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What were petty schools?
Small schools set up by churchmen in England.
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Give two skills that petty schools taught.
Reading and writing.
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What were grammar schools?
Schools that were paid to be set up by the gentry and richer commoners.
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Give four things that grammar schools taught.
The classics (often in Greek or written by Ancient Romans), reading, writing and basic maths.
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What three things were taught to noble children and the gentry children in the 16th century?
Latin, Greek and the Classics.
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From when did MORE richer children begin to go to grammar schools and universities?
From the 16th century.
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Why was it that richer people went to grammar schools?
As they charged fees.
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Give an example of a richer commoner.
A merchant.
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Prior to the 16th century, who did universities teach for?
Church-men and professionals.
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What happened to the subjects taught at universities, as more of the gentry began to go to university? Give two examples.
They taught more modern subjects, such as: geography and literature.
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By what century were most of the gentry, richer commoners and nobles literate?
By the 17th century.
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Why was it that the poorer commoners could not attend school? (2.)
As they couldn't afford it and/or they had to work.
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What was the Renaissance and when was it? (3.)
It was a period of learning and creativity in Europe, from the 14th century until the 17th century.
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When was the printing press introduced?
In the late 15th century.
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By what century had the printing press industry taken off?
The 16th century.
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What two things became widely available after the creation of the printing press?
Books and writing materials.
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What were chapbooks?
Small books which were produced cheaply and then sold to the public.
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What two things did chapbooks contain?
Popular stories and songs.
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In what century was the first English newspaper published in?
In the 17th century.
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What did Versalius write about?
The human anatomy.
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Where was Versalius from?
Italy.
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What was done with Versalius' works? What did this allow?
They were distributed around Europe, which allowed British doctors to learn about his discoveries.
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What did the printing press allow, in terms of ideas and theories?
It allowed them to be shared.
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What were developed during the Early Modern Period, in terms of science?
Basic ideas and methods.
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In what year did Francis Bacon prove that scientific theories must be proven by experiments?
1620.
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Card 2

Front

In what decade was the population of England at 2.4 million?

Back

1520's.

Card 3

Front

By what time had the English population risen to 5 million people?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Until when did the English population stay stable?

Back

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Card 5

Front

In what century did England only have a small number of large numbers?

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Preview of the front of card 5
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