Social Construction of Crime 3.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings ? SociologyCrime and devianceA2/A-levelAQA Created by: lw121xCreated on: 16-06-15 19:59 labelling theories are interested in....... certain acts came to be labelled criminal how + why 1 of 42 Not actually criminal individuals just label it as that 2 of 42 who argues that a deviant is simply someone that has been labelled Becker 3 of 42 moral entrepreneurs moral creusade change belief in whom benefit applied 4 of 42 moral entrepreneuars cause: creation of ousiders 'outlaws' deviants, expansion of social control agency to enforce rules 5 of 42 who argued that juvile deliquency was a result of victorian moral entrepreneurs platt 6 of 42 Becker notes... control agencies themselves may try and gain more power 7 of 42 who found that decisions to arrest a youth was mainly on physical appearance Pilivan and Briar 8 of 42 cicourel looked at typifications stereotypical theories hwt a deliquent is like 9 of 42 who argues that law enforcement look at certain 'types' Cicourel 10 of 42 class bias, wc areas fitted police more arrests circourel 11 of 42 Circourel also lookeda at CJS probation officers juvile deliquency broken homes more likey reoffend= less likely support non custodial sentences 12 of 42 statisics do not give valid research, we should look at the processes ie. labelling that influence them circourel 13 of 42 Labelling theorists argue that being labelled causes a self fullfilling prophecy 14 of 42 who distinguishes between primary and secondary deviance Lemert 15 of 42 primary deviance the act itself easy rationalised - don't see self deviant 16 of 42 Secondary Deviance deviance labelled result of societal reaction being caught involve stigma, Master staus 17 of 42 Master status causes crisis identity, resolved by going in way society sees them 18 of 42 ex convicts find hard to emply 19 of 42 ex convicts might join a deviant subculture because they feel an outsider 20 of 42 Jock young looked at.... in Notting Hill Marijuana users 21 of 42 who found that initially majuiana was rimary then label caused secondary Jock Young 22 of 42 majuna users developed a....... deviant subculture 23 of 42 Lemert and young argue not act itself that acuses serious deviance other peoples reactions 24 of 42 Downs and Rock found that cannot predict label = deviant career 25 of 42 process which attempt to control deviance creates further deviance Deviance amplification 26 of 42 Cohen studied moral panics and folk devils 27 of 42 press exaggeration= (deviance amp) moral entrepreurs cracking down 28 of 42 deviance amplification of the mods and rockers state crack down and marginalisation = more deviant behaviour 29 of 42 recent studies have shown that attempts to crack down on young offenders done the opposite 30 of 42 who found the increase in USA for young deviants to be seen as evil- relabelled offences ie. truancy Triplett 31 of 42 policy implications.... if we reduce policies = less deviants want to do it 32 of 42 Who sees labelling as a positive Braithwasite 33 of 42 Brainwasite believes that by naming and shaming stops them committing secondary deviance 34 of 42 labelling theory is deterministic once labelled will reoffend 35 of 42 Labelling theorists look at the negative effects on offender realists believe that should look at victim 36 of 42 The labelling theory fails to explain why they commit primary deviance in the first place 37 of 42 Labelling theory implies that individuals do not know tat they are deviant until labelled however many individuals know 38 of 42 Marxists argue that the labelling theorists fail to explain links between capitalism and labelling proccess 39 of 42 Lea and Young are Left Realists 40 of 42 Lea and Young argue that interactionists too readily dismiss it as social construction they argue black working class due from marginalisation 41 of 42 Interactionalists offer a practical policy focus whereas left realists see a realistic solutions 42 of 42
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