Social Approach Psychology - Edexcel

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Define Obedience
-Obeying someone in authority
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Define Prejudice
-Attitudes to a certain group of people, mostly negative
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Define Descrimination
-An action arising from a prejudice attitude
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Who came up with Agency theory?
-Milgram
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What is agency theory?
-Explanation leading to the development of explaining obedience.
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The 2 states in Agency theory
-Agentic state -Autonomous state
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Which state is the following: " The state people are in when they are acting for themselves and making their own decisions"
-Autonomous state
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What is agentic state?
-When individual will blindly OBEY SOMEONE - their own consciences are not in control
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What is moral strain?
-The PRESSURE of doing something against one's own moral code. -They feel UNCOMFORTABLE with that behaviour. - And it feels WRONG
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Evaluate Milgram's Agency theory of obedience
-It is a REDUCTIONISM IDEA. -It doesn't take into account the FACTORS that effect obedience. -Theory also suggests why the NAZIS did what they did.
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What is an Authority figure?
A person who shows POWER or STATUS in some way
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What is this Theory?: "Other peoples actions, change how we feel and how we act in response" (Hint social..)
Social Impact Theory
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(Fill in the gap) Social Impact Theory looks at how the ............ of others ......... us.
-Opinions -Affect
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Milgram found that when someone disobeyed, a participant was also more likely to ........ Suggesting that behaviour is ........ by the presence of others
-Disobey - Affected
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What are the 3 factors that have an affect on whether obedience is more likely to appear?
1) Strength 2)Immediacy 3) Number
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Authority figure is source or target?
-Source
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Who is the target?
-The person being influenced
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Out of the 3 factors what is the status?
-Strength
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What is number?
-Number of authority figures (source) or targets
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What is immediacy?
-The proximity/ distance
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What year did Milgram's "study of obedience" take place?
-1963
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What was the Aim of Milgram's study?
-Investigate the LEVEL OF OBEDIENCE ppts would show when an AUTHORITY FIGURE tells them to administer ELECTRIC SHOCKS to another person.
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Describe the sample
-40 men - Aged between 20+50 -Were each paid $4.50
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What were the voltages?
-0 to 450V
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How many ppts went to 300V
-100%
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How many ppts went to the full 450V
65%
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Strength and Weakness of Milgram's Study
-Good controls. -They were deceived
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What were Milgram's variations 7, 10 and 13?
7) Telephonic instructions 10) Rundown office block 13) Ordinary man gives orders
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Social Identity theory (SIT)was by who? And what does it state
-Tajfel and Turner (1979)- that the In-group becomes hostile to the out-group
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What are the 3 features of SIT
-Social categorization, Social Identification and Social comparison
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Strength and weakness of SIT?
-Lots of evidence to support the theory (Tajfel) - Realistic conflict theory suggests that there must be CONFLICT
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Who came up with Realistic Conflict Theory?
-Sherif (1966)
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Strength and weakness of Realistic Conflict Theory?
-Robbers Cave experiment was well planned and controlled - It's not likely to see the conflict in real life
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What was the aim of Sherif et al's study? (1961)
-See whether 2 groups brought into contact and competition, will become hostile towards eachother.
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Sample?
-22 ppts -Boys - 12yrs
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What were the names of the 2 groups?
-Rattlers and Eagles
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What are the 3 Stages?
1) In-group formation 2) In-group relations 3) Inter-group relations
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At the end of stage 2 what % of the Rattlers had friends from the out-group?
-6.4%
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At the end of stage 3 what % of the Rattlers had friends from the out-group?
-36.4%
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In conclusion some ............ was observed between the groups.
-Hostility
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What was the aim of Burger's study? (2009)
-To investigate the obedience by replicating Milgram - see if results will re-occur when study is replicated with modern ppts.
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Sample?
-70 ppts -Men and women - 20 TO 81 yrs - Self-selective -$50
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How did Burger differ from Milgram?
-Wasn't just men -Ppts only went to 150V -They were told they could withdraw
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Results of the baseline and Modeled refusal
-70% ppts were needed to be stopped at 150V -63.3%
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Strength and weakness of Burger
-Replicable: he was able to replicate milgram - Lacks Validity: it takes place in a unnatural setting
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Define Quantitative Data
-The gathering of numerical data
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Define Qualitative Data
-The gathering of Non-numerical data
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What 2 main research methods does social psychology use?
-Questionaires and Interview
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define Prejudice

Back

-Attitudes to a certain group of people, mostly negative

Card 3

Front

Define Descrimination

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Who came up with Agency theory?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is agency theory?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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