Small and Large intestine, and accessory organs

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The ____________ is the body's major digestive organ
Small intestine
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The small intestine is between _____________ on average in a living person
2.7m - 7m
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The first part of the small intestine
Duodenum
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The duodenum contributes ____ of the small intestine length
5%
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The jejunum contributes ________ of the small intestine length
40%
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The ileum contributes _______ of the small intestine length
60%
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The ileum meets the large intestine at _________ vale
Ileocecal
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The duodenum is _________ shaped
C
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Bile and Pancreatic enzymes enter the ___________
Duodenum
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The main bile and pancreatic ducts join in the duodenum to form the ____________
Hepatopancreatic ampulla
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The bile and pancreatic juice travels into the duodenum through ____________
Duodenal papilla
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Most of food absorption occurs in ________
Small intestine
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The ___________ has three structures on its surface that increase it's absorptive function
Small intestine
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The plasma enzymes called ___________ that complete the digestion of proteins and carbohydrates in the small intestine
Brush border enzymes
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In each villus of the small intestine, is a lymphatic vessel called _________ and a capillary bed
Lactus
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Small collections of lymphatic tissye called ____________ increase in number towards the end of the small intestine, whereas structural features decrease
Peyers patches
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The peyers patches increase in number whilst structural cells disappear, this shows __________
Lots of bacteria is in the remaining undigested food that needs to be prevented from entering the bloodstream
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The large intestine is larger in __________ than the small intestine
Diameter
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The large intestine is around _____________
1.5m
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The major function of the large intestine is to __________
Dry out indigestible food, eliminate residues
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The subdivisions of the __________ are, cecum, appendix, colon, rectum, anal canal
Large intestine
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The appendix hangs from the ________
Cecum
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Appendicitis is
Inflammation of the appendix
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The right colic flexure is where the colon ________
Turns from ascending to transverse
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The sigmoid is what shape
S
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The external anal sphincter is composed of
Skeletal muscle
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The involuntary anal sphincter is composed of
Smooth muscle
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____________ villi are present in the large intestine
No
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Goblet cells are present in the large intestine and produce _________
Alkaline mucus
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In the large intestine, The muscularis externa is __________
Three bands of muscle called teniae coli
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What are villi and why are they important?
Fingerlike projections, the digestive food is absorbed through the mucosal cells into both the capillaries and the lacteal of the villi
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What sphincter regulates the chyme entering the small intestine?
Pyloric sphincter
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The subdivisions of the _________ are, duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Small intestine
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The large parotid salivary glands lie ___________
Anterior to the ears
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The submandibular and sublingual glands lie _________
Under the tongue
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Mumps is a common childhood disease and is inflammation of
Parotid glands
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__________ is a mixture of mucus and serous fluid
Saliva
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The __________ extends across the abdomen from the spleen to the duodenum, retroperitoneal
Pancreas
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The __________ produces all enzymes needed to break down all categories of digestible food
Pancreas
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The pancreatic enzymes are secreted into the duodenum in _________ to neutrolize the chyme coming in
Alkaline
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The pancreases endocrine function is to
Produce insulin and glucagon
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The liver is suspended from the abdominal wall and diaphragm by _____________
Falciform ligaments
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The ___________ produced bile
Liver
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The bile leaves the liver through the _______________
Common hepatic duct
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The bile enters the duodenum through the _________
Bile duct
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BIle is
Yellow-green
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____________ contains bile salts, bile pigments, cholesterol, phospholipids, and electrolytes
Bile
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Bile aids digestion by ___________
Emulsifying
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The ___________ is in a shallow fossa in the inferior of the liver
Gallbladder
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These are the functional units of the liver and have a hexagonal structure
Liver lobules
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Supplies oxygen to liver
Hepatic artery
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Brings nutrient rich blood to the liver
Hepatic portal vein
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Recieves bile from bile canaliculi
Bile duct
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These are leaky capillaries betweenS hepatic plates
Sinusoids
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These mactophages in liver sinusoids remove debris and old RBCs
Kupffer cells
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___________ functions are to process blood borne nutrients, store fat soluble vitamins, perform detoxification, produce 900 ml bile/day
Hepatocyte
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The _______ has a huge regenerative capacity, and restores full size in 6-12 months
Liver
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Hepatitis is inflammation of the _________ and is caused by viral infection, drug toxicity or wild mushroom poisoning
Liver
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__________ is replacement of hepatocytes with fibrous or fatty tissue, and results from chronic inflammation
Cirrhosis
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___________ are caused by high cholesterol with too few bile salts
Gallstones
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The zymogen granules of acini cells contain __________
Proenzyme
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__________ of pancreatic juice is created every day
1200 1500
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The small intestine is between _____________ on average in a living person

Back

2.7m - 7m

Card 3

Front

The first part of the small intestine

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

The duodenum contributes ____ of the small intestine length

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

The jejunum contributes ________ of the small intestine length

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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