learning by watching what others do. This involves: attention, memory, reproduction and motivation.
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Identification
adopting attitudes, behaviours and/or beliefs of a role model. More likely to occur if the role model is the same gender, a similar age or popular.
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Vicarious learning
Learning from the fortunes or misfortunes of others. (vicarious reinforcement or vicarious punishment) N.B – in vicarious reinforcement/punishment; the observer does not have to receive the reward/punishment; they just have to see the role model rece
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Bandura (1960)
found that children are much more likely to copy an adult attacking a ‘bobo’ doll if they (the adult) were rewarded for doing so. The children were less likely to copy if the adult was punished.
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Nature
Our behaviour is determined by brain and hormone function. • Damage to the brain/hormones causes faulty behaviour i.e. aggression. • Born with it.
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Nurture
Our behaviour is determined by our environment. • If people (especially children) are exposed to an aggressive environment for example seeing aggressive media, then this will affect their behaviour. • Learnt in life.
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Conclusion:
There is no ‘right’ answer. Both have their strengths and weaknesses and it is thought to be a combination of both nature and nurture which affect behaviour.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
adopting attitudes, behaviours and/or beliefs of a role model. More likely to occur if the role model is the same gender, a similar age or popular.
Back
Identification
Card 3
Front
Learning from the fortunes or misfortunes of others. (vicarious reinforcement or vicarious punishment) N.B – in vicarious reinforcement/punishment; the observer does not have to receive the reward/punishment; they just have to see the role model rece
Back
Card 4
Front
found that children are much more likely to copy an adult attacking a ‘bobo’ doll if they (the adult) were rewarded for doing so. The children were less likely to copy if the adult was punished.
Back
Card 5
Front
Our behaviour is determined by brain and hormone function. • Damage to the brain/hormones causes faulty behaviour i.e. aggression. • Born with it.
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