Sleeping and Dreaming

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Sleep cycle
A nightly pattern of deep sleep, light sleep and dreaming
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REM sleep
Part of the sleep cycle with rapid eye movements caused by eyes moving a lot behind the eyelids when dreaming occurs.
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NREM sleep
Non-rapid eye movement sleep
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Sensory blockade
In REM sleep, all incoming sensory information is stopped.
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Neuron
A nerve cell that transmits information.
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Movement inhibition
In REM sleep, when movement is prevented.
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Sleep deprivation
Not having enough sleep; this can affect physical functioning such as weight and brain functioning.
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Circadian rhythms
Human body rhythms that have a daily (24 hour) cycle, such as sleep-wake cycle.
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Sleep-wake cycle
A circadian/ daily rhythm generally triggered by the day-night cycle.
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Ultradian rhythms
Rhythms that occur in a period of less than 24 hours, such as sleep cycle.
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Endogenous
Internal pacemakers; our biological clock.
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Hormones
Chemical messengers taking messages through the bloodstream.
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Melatonin
A hormone involved in setting circadian rhythms, including the sleep-wake cycle and blood pressure.
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Pineal gland
A small endocrine gland that produces melatonin. A endocrine gland produces a hormone that is secreted into the bloodstream.
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Exogenous
External cues in the environment that affect our biological clock.
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Zeitgebers
External cues that synchronise our biological rhythms; for example, to a 24- hour clock.
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Entrainment
When biological rhythms are matched to their environmental triggers, such as circadian rhythms being set in response to external (light) cues.
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Insomnia
Problems with sleeping at night that cause difficulties during the day.
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Narcolepsy
Inabiliy to control sleeping and waking, so experiancing involuntary daytime sleeping.
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Unconscious mind
An inaccessible part of the mind that affects behaviuor and feelings.
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Id
The part of Freud's personality theory that is demaning, thought of as 'I want..'
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Superego
The part of Freud's personality theory that is the conscience, thought of as 'You can't have..'
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Ego
The part of Freud's personality theory that is reasoning, to balance demands of the id and superego.
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Manifest content
The story the dreamer tells of what happens in a dream.
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Latent content
The deeper meaing behind what is said the dream is about.
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Dreamwork
The transformation of unconscious thoughts into dream content.
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Psychosexual stages
Freud's (1905) theory of child development (the oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital stages)
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Phallic stage
The third of Freud's stages during which the Oedipus comlex is worked through.
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Oedipus complex
Part of the Freud's stage; a boy has unconscious feelings for his mother and hates his father, who he sees as a rival and fears will castrate him.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

REM sleep

Back

Part of the sleep cycle with rapid eye movements caused by eyes moving a lot behind the eyelids when dreaming occurs.

Card 3

Front

NREM sleep

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Sensory blockade

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Neuron

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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