Short and Long Term Memory

Duration, encoding, capacity of LTM and STM.

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Capacity of Short Term Memory - Jacobs
Ps. presented with a sequence of letters and digits and asked to recall them in the same order. Jacobs found the capacity of STM to be 7+-2 items.
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Duration of Long Term Memory - Bahrick et al
392 ex high school students aged 17-74 asked to recall the names of their classmates. They were then presented with names and photos and asked if they recognised the people.
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Duration of Long Term Memory - Bahrick et al findings
There was a 60% accuracy after 15 years and 30% after 48 years for free recall. There was a 90% accuracy in face and name recognition up to 34 years. After 48% years this was 80% for name and 40% for face.
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Duration of Short Term Memory - Peterson and Peterson
Repeated Measures. Ps. were shown a trigram. They were asked to recall the trigram after a delay of seconds: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 or 18. They then performed an interference task, and asked to recall the trigram.
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Duration of Short Term Memory - Peterson and Peterson findings
After 3 seconds, 80% of Ps. remembered the trigram. After 18 seconds, only 10% remembered the trigram.
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Encoding in STM and LTM - Baddeley
Ps. divided into groups and given lists of words to learn: Acoustically Similar, Acoustically dissimilar, Semantically Similar, and Semantically dissimilar.
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Encoding in STM and LTM - Baddeley findings
STM: Acoustically dissimilar words recalled best. LTM: Semantically dissimilar words recalled best.
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Duration of Long Term Memory - Bahrick et al

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392 ex high school students aged 17-74 asked to recall the names of their classmates. They were then presented with names and photos and asked if they recognised the people.

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Duration of Long Term Memory - Bahrick et al findings

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Duration of Short Term Memory - Peterson and Peterson

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Duration of Short Term Memory - Peterson and Peterson findings

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