A biological term, a childs sex can be identified by their hormones and chromosomes. This determines whether the chids sex identity is male or female.
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What is the definition of gender identity?
a psycological term, a childs gender can be identified by the attitudes and behaviour. this determines whether the childs gender identity is masculine or feminine.
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What is the male hormone and chromosome?
Hormone : Testosterone Chromosome : XY
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What is the female hormone and chromosome?
Hormone : Oestrogen Chromosome : **
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What is the top level of the 'ice berg theory' ?
Concious Level - thoughts/perceptions
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What is the middle level of the 'ice berg theory'?
Preconcious Level - memories/stored/knowledge
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What is the bottom level of the 'ice berg theory'?
Infant derives pleasure from genitals. Infant identifies with the same sex parent.
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What is the name of the Phallic stage of development in boys?
The Oedipus Complex - a boy is unconciously attracted to his mother and is jeelous of his father.
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What is supporting evidence for the psychodynamic theory of gender development?
Freud (1909) - Little Hans Phobia
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What are the evaluationn points for Freuds study?
The study is not generalisable as only one boy was investigated. It is very difficut to test because they are based on unconcious thoughts and feelings.
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What is the name of the Phallic stage of development in girls?
Electra Complex - A girl is unconciously attarcted to her father and is jelous of her mother.
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What is the social learning theory (SLT)?
Gender is learnt from watching and copying the behaviour of others.
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What is modelling?
A role model provides an example for the child.
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What is imitation?
Copying the behaviour of a model.
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What is vicarious reinforcement?
Learning from the models being either rewarded or punished.
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What is the supporting evidence for the SLT?
Perry and Bussey (1979) - How children imitate behaviour carried out by the same-sex role models.
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What is the supporting evidence for the SLT and the media?
Williams (1986) - the effects of television on the gender development of children.
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What is some of the evauation for the SLT?
+ This theory is well supported by research. There is evidence to suggest that children learn their gender through the observation and imitation of role models. - Cannot explain children brought up in one-parent households.
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What is Schema?
A cognitive framework that helps us to organise and interpret information.
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What is gender schema (GST)?
A mental building block of knowledge that contains information about each gender.
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What is the supporting evidence for GST?
Martin (1989) - childrens understanding of gender become less stereotyped and therefore more flexible as they get older.
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What does Highly gender schematised mean?
our way of thinking about the world is organised according to what is gender appropriate and what is gender inappropriate.
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Card 2
Front
What is the definition of gender identity?
Back
a psycological term, a childs gender can be identified by the attitudes and behaviour. this determines whether the childs gender identity is masculine or feminine.
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