The goal is to develop a theory of grammar and how we represent our knowledge of syntax
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Chomsky's Phase Structure Rules
1. Show how words can be combined to produce phrases and sentences. 2. How taking words together can produce a phrase structure grammar. 3. Represents our knowledge of the syntax of English language.
2 of 7
Syntactic Tree Structures/Tree Adjoining Grammars
Show how sentences are broken up into syntactic constituents
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Chomsky's Linguistic Approach (Autonomist)
Is a model of competence and capability. Shows how we can discriminate between acceptable sentences and ungrammatical words. Explains how complex sentences are derived.
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Garden-Path Model (Frazier & Rayner 1982)
Led by ambiguous sentences. Since Jay always jogs a mile [this] seems a short distance to him. [This] is more ambiguous and took longer to read and understand. Syntax influences parsing and semantics.
We use heuristics to simplify the processing of a sentence. NVN- we assume the subject is having action taken on it. Leads to errors in passive sentences.
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Constraint-Based Theory (MacDonald 1994)
Some words are less ambiguous than others. The frequency/familiarity of the words of various interpretations of one sentence will affect the ultimate chose interpretation. Can be affected by past experience.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
1. Show how words can be combined to produce phrases and sentences. 2. How taking words together can produce a phrase structure grammar. 3. Represents our knowledge of the syntax of English language.
Back
Chomsky's Phase Structure Rules
Card 3
Front
Show how sentences are broken up into syntactic constituents
Back
Card 4
Front
Is a model of competence and capability. Shows how we can discriminate between acceptable sentences and ungrammatical words. Explains how complex sentences are derived.
Back
Card 5
Front
Led by ambiguous sentences. Since Jay always jogs a mile [this] seems a short distance to him. [This] is more ambiguous and took longer to read and understand. Syntax influences parsing and semantics.
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