Nociceptors - Pain receptors, Thermoreceptors - Temperature
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What are special senses receptors?
Cells that release neurotransmitter onoto sensory neurons to initiate an action potential.
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What is a sensory unit?
A single afferent neuron and all of its receptor endings
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True or False, Sensory units conducts signal from sensory receptor to CNS
TRUE! Sensory units conducts signal from sensory receptor to CNS
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What kind of signals are transmitted along ascending sensory pathways?
Skin receptors, pain receptors and proprioreceptors
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Properties of a stimulus - LOCATION, what does this mean
Receptors project to distinct regions of cerebral cortex related to sensory field.
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How do GRADED POTENTIALS arise?
Ion channels opening in response to a stimulus. Stronger Stimulus --> Larger Graded Receptor Potential --> More frequent action potentials are --> More NT released at the synapse
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What are Tonic Receptors?
Slowly adapting receptors, responds for the duration of a stimulus
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What are Phasic Receptors?
Rapidly adapting receptors, rapidly adapts to a constant stimulus and turn off. Fire once more when the stimulus turns off.
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What are Receptive Fields
The region of a space where the presence of a stimulus will induce the production of a signal in that neuron.
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What happens if the Receptive Fields are small?
Smaller --> More accurate representation of the stimulus is signaled to the brain.
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Where is Merkel's Disk? And What is it?
In mechanoreceptors --> Light touch, pressure, slow
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What is Ruffini's Dosk
Slow, Deep and continuous pressure & Variations in temp. In mechanoreceptors
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What are Slowly adapting fibers and where can you find them?
Found in Merkel and Ruffini Receptors - they fire continuously as long as pressure is applied.
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Outline how sound is transmitted through the ear.
1) Sound waves vibrate TYMPANIC MEMBRANE. 2) AUDITORY AUSSICLES vibrate. Starts to amplify. 3) STAPES connected to oval window sends vibrations into COCHLEA. 4) Pressure wave pushes on membrane of COCHLEA DUCT, energy waves dissipate. 5) Hair cells B
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Outline how sound is transmitted through the ear. 2
Hair cells bend, transmission of signal. 6) NT release activates sensory neurones, action potentials to brain.
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True or False - ENDOLYMPH does NOT resemble intracellular solution
FALSE! Endolymph resembles intracellular solution
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Outline the pathway of Sense and higher functions in relation to Broca's area
Primary auditory corted --> Angular Gyrus --> Wernicke's area --> Broca's Area --> Primary motor cortex --> Supplementary Motor cortex. PAWBPS
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Olfactory bulb projects through olfactory tracts to the olfactory cortex, cerebral cortex and limbic system
Therefore, strong link between smell, emotion and memory (amygdyla, hippocamus = limbic system)
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Outline Olfactory transduction.
Olfactory transduction occurs through a G protein pathway, increasing cAMP --> activated a cation channel --> depolarisation stimulates action potential firing.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are Nociceptors and Thermoreceptors
Back
Nociceptors - Pain receptors, Thermoreceptors - Temperature
Card 3
Front
What are special senses receptors?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is a sensory unit?
Back
Card 5
Front
True or False, Sensory units conducts signal from sensory receptor to CNS
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