SEM 2: Thorax IV

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what are the bony boundaries of the posterior abdominal wall
5 lumbar vertebrae, pelvic bones (sacrum and coccyx), 12th rib
1 of 41
how does the shape of the spine change after birth
c- shaped in child, s shaped in adult
2 of 41
what are the origins and attachment/s of the Quadratus lumborum
origin: iliolumbar fascia and iliac crest. attachment: transverse processes of L1-4 and inferior border of rib 12
3 of 41
what is the action of the Quadratus lumborum
extension and lateral flexion of the vertebral column
4 of 41
what is the innervation of the Quadratus lumborum
anterior rami t12-l4
5 of 41
what are the origins and attachments of the Psoas major
origin: vertebral bodies of t12 and l1 attachment: lesser trochanter
6 of 41
what is the action of Psoas major
flexion of thigh at hip and lateral flexion of the vertebral column
7 of 41
what is the innervation of Psoas major
anterior rami L1-3
8 of 41
what are the origins and attachments of the Psoas minor
origin: vertebral bodies of t12 and l1 attachment: pectineal line of the superior ramus of the pelvic bone
9 of 41
what is the action of Psoas minor
flexion of the vertebral column
10 of 41
what is the innervation of Psoas minor
anterior rami L1
11 of 41
what are the origins and attachments of iliacus
origin: iliac fossa and anterior inferior iliac spine attachment: lesser trochanter
12 of 41
what is the action of iliacus
flexion and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint
13 of 41
what is the innervation of the iliacus
femoral nerve L2-L4
14 of 41
what are the origins and attachments of the transversalis abdominal
origin: internal surface of costal cartilage of ribs 7-12, thoracocolumnar fascia and hip bone. inserts: midline, aponeurosis to pubic bone
15 of 41
what is the action of the transversalis abdominal
bilateral compression of abdominal viscera and expiration, trunk rotation
16 of 41
what is the innervation of the transversalis abdominal
t7-L1 (ic nerves, subcostal nerves, iliohypogastric n. and ilioinginal n. )
17 of 41
what nerves make up the lumbar plexus
iliohypogastric, ilioingiunal, genitofemoral, lateral cutaneous, femoral, obturator
18 of 41
what are the relations of the iliohypogastric n.
arises from L1, supplies anterior and posterior wall.
19 of 41
what are the relations of the ilioinginuinal n.
arises from L1, passes through inguinal canal, across iliac crest and runs parallel to the inguinal ligament. supplies labia and scrotum.
20 of 41
what are the relations of the genitofemoral n.
arises from L1 and L2, passes over Psoas major
21 of 41
what are the relations of the lateral cutaneous n.
arises from L2 and L3, passes iliac fossa/iliacus
22 of 41
what are the relations of the femoral n.
arises from L2 to L4, passes between psoas and iliacus
23 of 41
what are the relations of the obturator n.
arises from L2 to L4, has two aspects that supply the adductors
24 of 41
what are the relations of the psoas muscle
lateral border: iliohypogastric, ilioingininal, lateral cutaneous, femoral. medial: obturator. anterior: genitofemoral
25 of 41
what are the relations of the right kidney
superior: 12 rib. anterior: liver, duodenum, small and large intestine. posterior: ureter, psoas major, Quadratus lumborum
26 of 41
what are the relations of the left kidney
superior: 11-12 rib. anterior: stomach, spleen, pancreas, small and large intestine. posterior: ureter, psoas major, Quadratus lumborum
27 of 41
On the posterior surface of the kidney, what is the order of relations from medial to lateral
psoas major, Quadratus lumborum, tranversus abdominus
28 of 41
what is the order of the coverings of the kidneys (deep to superstitial)
renal capsule (directly adherent to surface), perinephric fat in perirenal space, renal fascia
29 of 41
what is the order of the renal hilum from anterior to posterior
renal vein, renal artery, ureter
30 of 41
describe the pathway of urine through the kidney
renal pyramids -> minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis -> ureter
31 of 41
what is the blood supply to the kidneys
renal artery -> segmental arteries (4 ant., 1 post.) -> lobar arteries (renal pyramids) -> interlobar arteries (renal cortex) -> arcuate arteries -> interlobar arteries -> afferent glomerular arteries -> capillaries -> efferent arterioles -> peritubular n
32 of 41
what are the segmental branches of the kidney
apical, caudal, anterior superior, anterior inferior, posterior
33 of 41
what is the venous drainage of the kidneys
interlobar veins -> arcuate veins -> interlobar veins -> renal veins -> renal vein
34 of 41
what is the innervation of the kidney
t10-l2 sympathetic vasomotor control of renal BF and renin secretition
35 of 41
what is the appearance of the supra renal glands and how does this relate to their function
right: pyramidal, left: crescent. yellow cortex produces corticosteroids and androgens. brown medulla produces catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline)
36 of 41
what is the blood supply to the suprarenal glands
inferior phrenic a. -> superior suprarenal a. abdominal aorta -> middle suprarenal a. renal artery -> inferior suprarenal
37 of 41
at which of these points does the ureter NOT constrict
obliquely crossed by gonal vessels
38 of 41
what are the relations of the bladder
apex: pubic symphysis, base: posterioinferior ureters. inferior: superiolateral urethra, superior: peritoneum (expands as bladder fills)
39 of 41
why is catheterisation harder in males
the male urethra bends at two points, the prepubic and infrapubic angles
40 of 41
what is the relation of the bladder to the peritoneum
retroperitoneal when empty, intraperitoneal when full
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how does the shape of the spine change after birth

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c- shaped in child, s shaped in adult

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what are the origins and attachment/s of the Quadratus lumborum

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Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is the action of the Quadratus lumborum

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Card 5

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what is the innervation of the Quadratus lumborum

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