Section 3 geography- populations

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Under what circumstances does natural increase happen to a population?
when the birth rate is higher than the death rate
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Under what circumstances does natural decrease happen to a population?
when the death rate is higher than the birth rate
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What happens to the death rate in stage 2 of the DTM?
it rapidly decreases because of improved health care and diet
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What happens to birth rate in stage 3 of the DTM?
it rapidly decreases as women have a more equal place in society and are more educated as well as more contraception widely available
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Are LEDC's or MEDC's more likely to be in the early stages of the DTM? why?
LEDC's as both birth and death rate are high and then they rapidly change as the country gets more developed
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What is the population structure of a country?
how many people there are of each age group in the population and how many of each sex
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What do population pyramids show?
a country's population structure
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Give one reason why birth rate is high in stage 1 of the DTM?
theres no use of contraception
8 of 27
Describe how changes in agriculture affect the population growth rate
increase in the food productions such as the amount of food grown increases will lower the death rate as less people die from malnutrition and so therefore increases population growth rate
9 of 27
Give one reason why the birth rate falls rapidly during stage 3 of the DTM?
increase in the availability of contraception
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Briefly describe the population structure of a country in stage 5 of the DTM
have a very high life expectancy and a greater proportion of people are older as the death rate is low and fluctuating but birth rate is falling as more people dependent on elderly relatives- negative growth rate
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Give two social impacts and two environmental impacts of urbanisation
Services can't cope with the large population so not everyone has access to them. There aren't enough houses available so forced to make makeshift houses. Increased waste and pollution and more natural resources used up
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Give one economic impact of a youthful population
less money is collected in taxes as less people work, so the government has less money to develop the country and improve services
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Give an example of a strategy a country could use to control overpopulation
Birth control programmes to reduce the birth rate, e.g. by having laws regarding how many children you can have or offering free contraception and sex education
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Describe what it means for a country to develop in a way that is sustainable
developing in a way that allows the people today to get the things they need without preventing the people in the future from getting what they need
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What is an ageing population
a significant increase in the proportion of the population that are elderly
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What causes an ageing population
a low birth rate- fewer younger people are having babies and a low death rate- more people are living till older
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Give one economic impact and one social impact of an ageing population
S- people will have less children as they have less money available to bring up a child as they have dependent older relatives. E- Taxes would need to go up as theres more state pensions to pay for as well as older people need more healthcare
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Describe one strategy to cope with an ageing population
encouraging immigration of younger people from other countries as this increases the working population so more taxes to support the elderly as well as being child bearing age so more likely to have children here
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Name a country with an ageing population and what caused it
The UK has an ageing population because of increased life expectancy and decreased birth rate
20 of 27
For the Uk's ageing population, state a few problems surrounding it
more elderly people living in poverty- working population isn't large enough to support them. State pension is low. Health service is under pressure
21 of 27
define migration
the movement of people from one area to another
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Explain what push factors and pull factors are
Push factors- negative things about a persons place of origin that makes them want to leave. Pull factor- positive things about a destination country that attracts people to live there
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give an example of a push and pull factor
push- not enough jobs with high wages. Pull- better standard of living as better services e.g. healthcare and education
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Give one negative impact of migration on the country of origin
labour and skills shortage as the most skilful workers are the ones that tend to migrate
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Give one positive impact of migration on the destination country
migrant workers pay taxes to fund services
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Describe one way international migration can be managed
point based systems- countries choose who they want to let in as people who want to move there are given points for age, education, how well they can speak the language etc. only people with enough points are allowed in
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Under what circumstances does natural decrease happen to a population?

Back

when the death rate is higher than the birth rate

Card 3

Front

What happens to the death rate in stage 2 of the DTM?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happens to birth rate in stage 3 of the DTM?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Are LEDC's or MEDC's more likely to be in the early stages of the DTM? why?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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