Science GCSE B5- Topic Overview 4.5 / 5 based on 3 ratings ? BiologyB5GCSEOCR Created by: BeckyyLouiiseCreated on: 20-05-15 09:12 What part of a plant shoot is sensitive to light? The Tip 1 of 33 How does Phototropism help plants to survive? It allows the plant to get more light to photosynthesise and grow more 2 of 33 What is a Tissue? A group of SIMILAR Cells that work together to perform a function 3 of 33 What is the Organ System? A group of organs that work together to perform a particular function 4 of 33 What is an Organ? A group of different tissues that work in co-ordination to perform a function 5 of 33 What is Phototropism? The bending of growing plant shoots towards light 6 of 33 What are the 4 things inside an Animal Cell? Ribosome, Cell Membrane, Mitochondria, Nucleus 7 of 33 What are Organelles? Small structures inside the cell. (EG; Ribosomes, Mitchondria etc). They have to be copied before the cell divides. 8 of 33 How many Chromosomes are in a normal body cell? 46. 9 of 33 What is Mitosis for? To create copies of chromosomes so you can DIVIDE the cell. 10 of 33 How many new Cells are produced by Mitosis? 2. 11 of 33 What is Meiosis for? Creating sex cells. 12 of 33 How many new Cells are produced by Meiosis? 4. 13 of 33 Where does Meiosis take place? In the sex organs. 14 of 33 What is a stem cell? An UNSPECIALISED animal cell that can divide and develop into specialised cells 15 of 33 What is the main process of the cell cycle? The cells grow and both the organelles and the DNA are copied. Mitosis is the part of the cell cycle where the cells divide. 16 of 33 What is a Gamete? The sex cells that fuse to form a zygote. In Humans, the male gamete is the sperm and the female gamete is the egg. 17 of 33 What is a Zygote? The cell made when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell in sexual reproduction. 18 of 33 What does DNA stand for? DeoxyriboNucleic Acid 19 of 33 What is a Gene? A length of DNA that codes for a protein 20 of 33 What substances in your body are made up of protein? Muscle Tissue, Enzymes, Cartilage, Haemoglobin, Collagen, Elastin 21 of 33 What is the structure of DNA? The Double Helix 22 of 33 What are the 4 bases and how do they pair up? The 4 bases are A , T , C , G. They pair up as the curleys and the spikeys. CG = CURLEY AT= SPIKEY 23 of 33 Where in a cell is the genetic code located? In the nucleus 24 of 33 Where in the cell are proteins produced? In the Cytoplasm 25 of 33 What is messenger RNA? mRNA= a copy of a gene. A small molecule that travels through the pores of the nuclear membrane that transfers genetic code to the ribosomes. 26 of 33 Describe the Role of mRNA in protein production. The mRNA has the role of copying the DNA structure, then exiting the nucleus to the ribosome where the correct order of amino acids are produced. 27 of 33 Complete the sentence; All body cells in an organism contain the [same/different] genes Same 28 of 33 In a specialised cell, why are some of the genes not active (switched off)? Because they do not need ALL of the proteins 29 of 33 Give an example of a Plant Cell, Plant Tissue and a Plant Organ. Plant Cell= Palisade Plant Tissue= Xylem + Phloem Plant Organ= Roots 30 of 33 Give an example of an Animal Cell, Animal Tissues and an Animal Organ. Animal Cell= Skin Animal Tissue= Bone Animal Organ= Brain -there are others too 31 of 33 Up to the 8-cell stage of an embryo, all the cells are identical to...... what? The Parent Cells 32 of 33 What are Auxins? Plant Hormones that Affect the Growth 33 of 33
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