Science

The Processes of Life

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  • Created by: Me,123
  • Created on: 07-04-14 10:05
Cells
The basic structural and functional unit of all living things
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Bacteria
One type of single-celled microorganism. They don't have a nucleus. Some bactrian may cause disease
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Repiration
A series
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Enzymes
a protein that catalyses (speeds up) chemical reactions in living things.
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Photosynthesis
the process in green plants that uses energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into the sugar glucose.
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Proteins
chemicals in living things that are polymers made by joining together amino acids.
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Amino acids
the small molecule that are joined in long chains to make proteins.
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Active Site
the part of an enzyme that the reacting part of the molecules fits into.
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lock-and-key model
molecules taking part in a chemical reaction fit exactly into the enzyme's active site. The active site will not fit other molecules it is specific. Like a key fitting into a lock
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starch
a type of carbohydrate which is found in bread potatoes and rice. Plants produce starch to store energy food they make by photosynthesis. These molecules are long of glucose molecules
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catalysts
a chemical that starts or speeds up a chemical reaction but is not used up in the process
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denatured
a change in the usual nature of something. When enzymes are denatured by heat their structure is changed as well as the active site.
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optimum temperature
the tempreture at which the enzymes work fastest
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chlorophyll
a green pigment found in choroplasts. Chlorophyll absorbs energy from sunlight for photosynethis
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chloroplast
an organelle found in some plants where photosynthesis takes place
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cellulose
The chemical that makes up most of the fibre in food. The human body cannot digest cellulose.
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cell wall
ridged outer layer of plant cells and bacteria
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cell membrane
thin layer surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. It restricts the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
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nucleus
organelle that contains the chromosomes cells of plants, animals, fungi and some microorganisms
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cytoplasm
gel enclosed by the cell membrane that contains that contains the cell organelles such as mitochondria.
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glucose
sugar produced during photosynthesis.
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diffusion
movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration
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osmosis
the diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane.
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partially permeable membranes
a membrane that acts as a barrier to some molecules but allows others to diffuse though freely
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dilute
the concentration of a solution depends on how much dissolved chemical there is compared with the solvent. a dilute solution contains a low level of solute to solvent
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concentrated solution
The concentration of a solution depends on how much dissolved chemical there is compared to with the solvent. Concentrated solution contains a high level of solute to solvent
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nitrate ions
an ion is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms. the relative mass of a neutron is 1
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root hair cells
microscopic cell that increases the surface area for absorption of minerals and water by plant roots
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active transport
Molecules are moved in or out of a cell using energy. This process is used when transport needs to be faster than diffusion, and when molecules are being moved from a region where they are are at low concentration to where they are at high concentrat
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

One type of single-celled microorganism. They don't have a nucleus. Some bactrian may cause disease

Back

Bacteria

Card 3

Front

A series

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

a protein that catalyses (speeds up) chemical reactions in living things.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

the process in green plants that uses energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into the sugar glucose.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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