Science - lungs and gas exchange

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What is the cartilage?
Cartilage is found around the trachea as a c shape this is so food can pass through the oesophagus without getting stuck
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What are goblet cells?
These line the trachea and release mucus. This cleans your lungs
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What is cilia?
These tiny hairs line the cells of the trachea. They beat together making a sweeping motion. Cilia removes mucus that has trapped dust particles.
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Where does gas exchange occur?
At the small sacs called alveoli
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Where are your lungs located?
In the upper part of your body called the thorax
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which gases do the gases move across the alveoli to?
Either in to the blood of into the air space to be breathed out
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What gases are involved in gas exchange?
Oxygen and carbon dioxide
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Give 3 reasons how the alveoli are adapted for gas exchange
1) there are lots of alveoli which give a large surface area for gas exchange. 2) the alveoli are very thin do the gases don't have far to move 3) there is a steep gradient across the alveoli
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What does the diaphragm do?
It seperates your lungs from your abdomen
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Explain what happens when you breathe in
Your ribs expand up and come out more. Your diaphragm increases in length and makes its way dow
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Explain what happens when you breathe out
Your ribs will go back down and go back to its normal size. Your diaphragm will reduce and flatten
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When you breathe in which muscles contract?
Your diaphragm muscles contract and also your muscles inbetween your ribs also contract
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Name the 3 blood vessels
Arteries, veins and capillaries
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How much muscle do arteries have? Why?
Arteries have a lot of muscle because they put pressure on the blood so they need a lot of muscle
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How much muscle do veins have? Why?
Veins have little muscle because they do not put pressure on the blood, so the don't need a lot of muscle
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How much muscle do capillaries have? Why?
Capillaries have no muscle because this is where gas exchange happens
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What are the qualities of arteries?
1) they take blood from the heart to the body 2) they have a high pressure 2) most of them carry oxygenated blood
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What are the qualities of veins?
1) they take blood to the heart 2) they have a low pressure 3) most of them carry deoxygenated blood
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What are the qualities of capillaries?
1) they are found next to body cells 2) gas exchange occurs + nutrients 3) no pressure 4) contain a mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
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Name all the things that are in blood
Glucose, carbon dioxide, platelets, hormones, red blood cells, white blood cells, urea, oxygen and cells
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What does the glucose do?
It burns it in our body cells to get energy
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What does carbon dioxide do?
It is waste product
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What do platelets do?
Prevent Clotting of blood
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What do white blood cells do?
They fight viruses and bacteria
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What do red blood cells do?
They carry oxygen to our body and we need it to get energy.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are goblet cells?

Back

These line the trachea and release mucus. This cleans your lungs

Card 3

Front

What is cilia?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where does gas exchange occur?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Where are your lungs located?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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