Bacteria- Release Toxins. Viruses- Burst out cells and kill them
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What did Semmelweis do?
Told doctors that they should was their hands in between treating patients
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Why is Semmelweis' so important?
Important because it prevented the spread of pathogens
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What is a vaccine?
Dead or inactive form of a pathogen, stimulates immune response which is resulting in memory cells.
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Why was there controversy surrounding the use of the MMR vaccine?
1 Study was published linking MMR vaccine to autism. Parents also stopped vaccinating kids which resulted in infections from measles, mumps and rubella.
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Describe the jorney of a reflex response?
Stimulus detected by receptors, Electrical impulse passes along sensory neurone, Across relay neurone in spinal chord, Chemical transmission across synapse, Travels via the motor neuron to the muscles/ effector
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How is the reflex responce different to a normal responce
The reflex action is faster and automatic.
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What three hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle?
LH,FSH,Oestrogen
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What is a plant hormone?
Auxin
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What are the stages of drug trials
1. Testing on cells/ tissues in a lab to check from toxicity. 2. Testing on animals to check for side effects. 3. Testing on unhealthy volunteers to find the optimum dose.
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What do plants compete for in habitats?
Light, Space, Water, Nutrients from soil.
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What do animals compete for in habitats?
Food,Mates, Territory
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How can living organisms be used to indicate pollution?
Lichens: Different species can survive with different amounts of air pollution. Water invertebrates: Different species can survive in different amounts of water pollution
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Why is not all the energy passes on through the food chain?
-Lost through heat -Respiration -Lost in faeces and urine -Movement -Not all of the animals is eaten.
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Define the metabolic rate.
How fast chemical reactions happen within the body.
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What affects the metabolism
-Genetics -Exercise - Age
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What is a hormone?
Chemical Messenger.
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Where are hormones secreted from?
Glands
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What do hormones travel through?
Bloodstream
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What hormone is used in IFV?
FSH
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What is a drug?
Something that alters a person's chemical reaction.
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How can a person become addicted to a drug?
Altered a body's chemistry
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What is a long term issue of cannabis misuse?
Mental Health Problems
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How might animals be adapted for arctic surroundings?
Smaller surface area to volume the ratio. Thicker insulating coat. Increased amount of body fat. Camouflage
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How might plants be adapted for dry surroundings?
Smaller surface area leaves to prevent water loss. Water storage tissues. Deep roots to reach below water table. Extensive surface roots to collect any rain water.
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