SCIENCE

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  • Created by: Kay2851
  • Created on: 06-11-16 11:10
Healthy
Not prone to diseases.
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Fit
Ability to meet the needs of the environment.
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3 things that increase blood pressure
Smoking, overweight and stress.
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Low blood pressures causes
Heart attacks, strokes and kidney failure.
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High blood pressure causes.
Heart failure, kidney disease and atherosclerosis.
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Carbon monoxide increases blood pressure
As it raises heart rate and prevents haemoglobin mixing with oxygen in the red blood cells.
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3 things found in cigarettes
Tar, Nicotine and Carbon monoxide.
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Carbohydrates provide the body with
Sugars such as fructose, lactose, surcose and glucose
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Fats provide the body with
Energy to insulate the body and keep it warm in the winter.
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Proteins are needed for
Growth and repair.
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Amount of nutrients a person needs depends on 3 things
Age, Activity levels and Pregnancy
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Eating too little protein causes
Kwashiorkor
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BMI ( Body Mass Index ) Equation
Weight divided by height
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What is a pathogen
A bacteria, virus or microorganisms that cause disease.
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Four types of pathogens.
Mosquito's, fleas, lice and ticks
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Antibiotics aren't prescribed for flu because
Flu is a virus and not a bacteria
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Whats a parasite
Organism that lives in a host organism.
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what is vector
don't not cause disease itself carries it.
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What is a host
Carries a parasite.
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Immunisation stop you from getting infections how ?
It lets the body produce antibodies against the vaccine and this remains in the blood.
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Benefit of immunisation
Fighting of the disease before you even get it .
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A risk of immunisation
The side effects
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Depressants
Alcohol it slows down nerve and brain activity.
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Stimulants
Caffeine increase nerve and brain activity.
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Pain killers
Paracetamol block nerve impulses.
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Performance enhancers
Anabolic steroids improve muscle development.
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Hallucinogens
LSD alters what we see and hear.
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Population
A community of animals, plants or humans whose numbers interbreed.
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Community
All the population of different organisms that live together in a habitat.
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Quadrat
Small area of habitat typically one square meter.
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Ecosystem
Biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
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Transects
Cut across or make transverse section .
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Kite Diagram
A chart that shows the number of animals against the distance of the transect.
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Abundance
Large quantity of something.
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Abiotic factors
physical factors rather than biological
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Biotic factors
any living component of living organisms that affects the population.
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Zonation
Distribution of plants or animals into specific zones.
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Photosynthesis
Process in which plants and other organisms use sunlight to make food for themselves from co2 water and sunlight.
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Photosynthesis word equations
Carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen + water
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Photosynthesis Symbol equation
6 CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2
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Diffusion
When particles spread.
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Osmosis
Process by which molecules pass through a membrane from less concentrated solution.
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Turgor Pressure
Pressure of water pushing the plasma membrane against the cell wall of the plant cell.
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Pholem
Vascular tissue in plants that conduct sugars and other metabolic products.
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Xylem
Vascular tissue that conducts water and nutrients upwards from the roots.
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Root hairs
Each of a large number of elongated microscopic outgrowths fromt he outer layer of the cells in a root absorbing moisture from the soil.
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Transpiration
Process of where plants absorb water through roots and then give of the water.
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Plants need nitrates
To make amino acids (proteins)
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Plants need phosphates
Regulate protein synthesis in cell division and new tissue development.
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Plants need potassium
Protein synthesis and opening and closing of the stoma.
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Plants need magnesium
Photosynthesis and forms central atom of chlorophyll.
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Active transport.
Movement of ion or molecules across a cell membrane into a higher concentration where enzymes and energy are required.
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Detritivores
Animal which feeds on dead organic materials especially plant detritus.
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Saphophytes
Plants, fungus or microorganisms live on dead or decaying organic matter.
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Hydroponics
Process of growing plants in sand, gravel or liquid with added nutrients without soil.
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Biodiversity
The variety of a plant or animal life in the world or particular habitat.
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Cornea
Its is convex and transparent. It refracts the light bends as it enters the eye.
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Iris
Controls how much light enters the pupil.
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Lens
Focuses light onto the retina.
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Retina
Contains the light receptors.
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Diploid
Cell or organism consisting of two sets of chromosomes and state the haploid number.
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Allele
One possible format of gene ( dominant and recessive ).
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Recessive
A recessive allele does not affect as it masked by the dominant allele.
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Dominant
Allele or gene that is present, as it's stronger.
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Hetrozygous
Refers to pair of genes where one is recessive and one is dominant.
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Homozygous
Identical alleles for a single trait.
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Gametes
Male and female cells ( sperm & egg cells)
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Fertilisation
Fusion of the male & female gametes .
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Mutation
Occurs when DNA is damaged or changed that it changes the genetic message.
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Phenotype
Set of observable characteristics resulting from interaction with the environment.
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Genotype
Entire set of genes in a cell organism.
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Rods
Specialised light sensitive cells the retina and provides side vision and the ability to see in dim light.
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Cones
Provides sharp central vision and vision in colour.
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Plant hormone
Auxin
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Optic Nerve
Carries impulses from the eyes to the brain.
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Auxin is found where ?
In the tip of the shoots.
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What does auxin do ?
Controls the growth.
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Phototropism
Orentation of the plant or organism in response to light this can be toward s the sun or away.
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Geotropism
Growth of the plant is response to force of gravity upwards or downwards growth of roots.
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Gene
Made up of DNA and it can be varied in size.
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Chromosomes
Thread of nucleic acids and proteins found in the nucleus.
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Haploid
Single set of chromosomes.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Ability to meet the needs of the environment.

Back

Fit

Card 3

Front

Smoking, overweight and stress.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Heart attacks, strokes and kidney failure.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Heart failure, kidney disease and atherosclerosis.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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