schizophrenia ; psychological explanations

?
PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS
DGDFG
1 of 77
- family dysfunction
dfgdf
2 of 77
psychologists have attempted to link sz to what?
child/adulthood exps of living in dysfunctional fambly
3 of 77
+ schizophrenogenic mother
dgdg
4 of 77
fromm-reichmann proposed this theory based on what approach
psychodynamic (of ******* course)
5 of 77
based on what acounts?
those she heard from her patients about childhoods
6 of 77
fromm-reichmann noted many patients sopke of a particular type of parent which she called?
schizophrenogenic mother
7 of 77
according to her what characteristcs does she have?
cold / rejecting / controlling
8 of 77
and tends to create family climate characterised by?
tension + secrecu
9 of 77
this leads to distrust that later develops into?
paranoid delusions + sz
10 of 77
+ double-bind theory
dffdgd
11 of 77
bateson agreed family climate is important but emphasised what?
role of communication style w/in family
12 of 77
developing child regularly finds themselves trapped in situations where they fear?
doign the wrong thing
13 of 77
but recieve?
mixed messages about what it is
14 of 77
and feel unable to do what?
comment on unfairness of situation / seek clarification
15 of 77
when they 'get it wrong' (which is often) child is punished by?
withdrawal of love
16 of 77
this leaves them with an understanding of the world as?
confusing / dangerous
17 of 77
and this is reflected in symptoms like?
disorganised thinking / paranoid delustions
18 of 77
bateson clear this was neither of which two things?
main type communication in family / only factor
19 of 77
rather he said it was just a?
risk factor
20 of 77
+ expressed emotion and sz
dgdf
21 of 77
what is expressed emotion?
the level of emotion (in particular negative) expressed towaards patient by carers
22 of 77
EE contains verbal criticism of patient occasionally?
accompained by violence
23 of 77
hostility toward the patient including?
anger and rejection
24 of 77
and emotional over-involvement in the life of the patient including?
needless self sacrifice
25 of 77
high levels of expressed emptions toward patient make them?
stressed
26 of 77
primarily an explanation for what in sz?
relapse
27 of 77
has also been suggested it can trigger onset of sz in who?
someone already vulnerable due to genetic makeup
28 of 77
- cognitive explanations
dfh
29 of 77
cog exp is one that focuses on?
role of mental processes
30 of 77
sz is associated with several types of what that could provide exps for sz as a whole?
abnormal info processing
31 of 77
sz is characterised by?
disruption to normal processing
32 of 77
already seen what is associated with negative symptoms?
reduced processing in ventral striatum
33 of 77
while reduced processing where are assoc w/ hallucinations?
temporal and cingulate gyri
34 of 77
lower than unusual level of info processing suggests what?
cognitionis likely to be impaired
35 of 77
frith et al identified two kinds of dysfunctional thought processing that could underly symptoms which were?
metarepresentation / central control
36 of 77
+ metarepresentation
dfdf
37 of 77
cognitive ability to do what?
reflect on thoughts and behaviour
38 of 77
allows us insight into?
intentions and goals
39 of 77
and allows us to interpret?
actions of others
40 of 77
dysfunction here wouold disrupt our ability to?
recognise our own actions and thoughts as being carried out by ourselves rather than someone else
41 of 77
this would explain which two things about sz?
hallucinations of voices / delusions like thought insertion
42 of 77
+ central ctrl
dfgfd
43 of 77
cognitive ability to do what?
suppress automatic responses while performing deliberate actions instead
44 of 77
which two things could result from inability to suppress automatic thoughts?
disorganised speech / thought disorder
45 of 77
EVALUATION
DGD
46 of 77
:) support for family dysfunction as a risk factor
dfd
47 of 77
read et al reviewed how many studies of child abuse + sz?
46
48 of 77
and concluded what % adult women in-;atnets w/ sz had a history of physica;/sexual abuse in childhood?
69%
49 of 77
for men the figure was?
59%
50 of 77
adults with what kind of ainswerth attachment are also more likely?
insecure attachments
51 of 77
most of this large body of evidence though shares which weakness?
information about childhood gathered after symptom development
52 of 77
why is this bad?
sz may have distorted patients' recall of childhood experiences
53 of 77
this creates a serious probem of?
validity
54 of 77
much smaller number of prospective studies have been carried out with results?
inconsistent results with some prospective evidence
55 of 77
:( weak evidence for family-based interpretations
dfhdf
56 of 77
lots of evidence to support broad principle of poor childhood but almost none to support importance of which two theories/
schizophrenogenic mother / double bind
57 of 77
both these theories are based on what?
clinical observation of patients
58 of 77
and early evidence involved assessing the personality of mothers of patients for?
crazy making characteristics
59 of 77
who is quacking?
modern psychiatrists
60 of 77
another problem with these explanatiosn is that they've historically led to what?
parent-blaming
61 of 77
parents are going to recieve blame for condition as wel las already having?
suffered at seeing descent into sz
62 of 77
what shift may be one of factors leading to decline of sz mother / double bind theories?
from hospital to community care
63 of 77
:) strong evidence for dysfunctional info processing
dfgdf
64 of 77
stirling et al compared patients with sz to non-patient controls on range of cognitive tasks including?
stroop test
65 of 77
how many sz?
30
66 of 77
and ctrls?
18
67 of 77
what does the stroop test involve?
pps naming ink colours of words and resisting impulse to read them
68 of 77
what theory does this line up with?
central control dysfunction
69 of 77
why?
patients took over twice as long to name ink colours
70 of 77
links between symptoms and faulty cognition clear but this doesn't tell us
anything about ORIGINS of cognitions or sz
71 of 77
cognitive theories can explain proximal causes or?
what causes current symptoms
72 of 77
but not distal causes or?
origins of condition
73 of 77
EVALUATION EXTRA
DFGD
74 of 77
:( evidence for biological factors not adequately considered
dfhdfg
75 of 77
could be that both biological and psych factors can separately produce same symptom which raises whatquotestion?
whether both outcomes are rlly sz
76 of 77
alternatively we can view this in terms of what model?
diathesis-stress
77 of 77

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

- family dysfunction

Back

dfgdf

Card 3

Front

psychologists have attempted to link sz to what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

+ schizophrenogenic mother

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

fromm-reichmann proposed this theory based on what approach

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Schizophrenia resources »