SC1 to SC9

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  • Created by: camamkat
  • Created on: 26-11-17 12:31
What is the process that goes from gas to solid?
Deposition
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What is the process that goes from solid to gas?
Sublimation
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What happens during a state change?
Energy is transferred to or from particles and the arrangement + movement of particles changes.
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What does impure mean?
It means the substance is not pure and the composition is not the same in all parts. The elements in the impure substance is not chemically bonded.
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Is air a mixture or a compound?
Air is a mixture, meaning you can take away parts, such as being able to take away oxygen.
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What is chromatography?
It is a method of separating and analysing substances.
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What is it used for?
It is used to compare results and identify a substance using the Rf value, as it will always be the same.
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How do you work out the Rf value?
Distance travelled by spot / Distance travelled by solvent
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What is filtration?
A process used to separate insoluble and soluble substances.
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What is simple distillation?
It is a process to purify substances. It separates a solvent from a solution.
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How does it work?
The solute has a higher boiling point than the solvent. The solution is heated, the solvent boils and becomes a vapour that will rise into the condenser, that will liquify it during cooling.
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What is fractional distillation?
It is a process to separate two or more liquids.
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How does it work?
The mixture is heated and boiled. Hot vapour rises up the fractionating column. It condenses and drips back, but the fraction with the lowest boiling point reaches the top first and passes into the condenser.
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What does the condenser do?
It reduces the risk of hot vapour escaping as it is a central tube surrounded by a jacket of cold water, meaning the cold water will cool the vapour.
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What do anti-bumping granules do?
It improves the safety of the method by making the liquid boil smoother as small bubbles of vapour form on the granules, reducing the risk of it boiling over.
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What is filltration?
It is a process to remove insoluble particles from soluble ones.
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What is an element?
It is a substance made of atoms with the same atomic number.
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What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest particle of an element that still has its chemical properties.
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What is a molecule?
A molecule consists of two or more atoms chemically joined together.
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What is a mixture?
A mixture contains two or more elements not chemically bonded.
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What is a compound?
A compound is two or more elements chemically bonded.
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What is the plum pudding model?
It is a model showing that protons, neutrons and electrons just floated and weren't collected in the nucleus.
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How was this disproved?
Rutherford fired tiny positive particles into gold foil. Most went through, showing atoms were mostly empty space. The few that were deflected hit the nucleus.
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What are isotopes?
They are atoms of an element with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons. The atomic/proton number is fixed. They are the stable form of an element.
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How was Mendeleev's Periodic Table arranged?
He put it in order of relative atomic masses, which was not always correct, and grouped them into elements with similar properties. He left gaps.
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What are allotropes?
Allotropes are different structural forms of the same element.
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What does it mean if the pH goes from 2 to 1?
The substance has become 10x more acidic.
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What do all acids contain?
Hydrogen ions
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Metal + Acid -->
Salt + Hydrogen
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Metal Oxide + Acid -->
Salt + Water
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Metal Carbonate + Acid -->
Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
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What are bases?
Something used to neutralise an acid.
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What is an alkali?
A base dissolved in water.
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Why aren't some bases alkali?
Because they are insoluble.
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What does clear not mean?
Colourless.
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What is empirical formula?
It is the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.
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How do you work it out?
1) Write symbols. 2) Write down mass. 3) Write down relative atomic mass (Ar). 4) Mass dividided by Ar. 5) Divide each answer of 4 by smallest outcome. 6) Multiply to make get rid of fractions if necessary.
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How do you work out the molecular formula?
1) Find the empirical formula and find its mass by adding the mass of the atoms of each element. 2) Divide relative formula mass by the empirical formula mass. 3) Times the product by the empirical formula.
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1 mol of an element is how many g?
The relative atomic mass in g.
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How do you find out the number of atoms/molecules in a substance?
Times the moles of substance by the Avogadro number, which is 6x10^23.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the process that goes from solid to gas?

Back

Sublimation

Card 3

Front

What happens during a state change?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does impure mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Is air a mixture or a compound?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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DorkyPlays

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These are really good

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