Sampling Methods

Random sampling

Where each member of the target population has an equal chance of being selected. / = A truly random sample is reliable / = every member has an equal chance X = being completely random is very difficult X = random might not give equal proportion

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Systematic sampling

A sample in which every 10th or 100th name on a list is selected e.g. The list contains every member of the sample frame/target population. / = Representative because the list contains every member of the target population. X = Not totally random bec

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Stratified random sampling

Population is divided into groups according to important variables e.g. Class. Sample is then chosen in some proportions as found in population. E.g. Dividing into males and females and then taking a 1% sample of each. / = This method is an advancem

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Quota sampling

Researchers look for the right number of each sort of person required dependent upon the target population e.g. 10 males and 10 females. (gender) / = A truly random sample is reliable / = Participants are closely linked with the research question. Re

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Snowball/volunteer sampling

Members of a sample put researchers in touch with other potential members. / = Easy to obtain participants as they self select. Used mainly with groups with are hard to identify e.g. Criminals. X = Not representative due to only one type of people w

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Opportunity/convenience sampling

People chosen on basis of being easily accessible and willing to participate in research. / = Easy, cheap, quick way of collecting a sample and leads to a good response rate. X = Not representative so you cant generalise the findings.

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Systematic sampling

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Sampling Methods