Russia p18 - 20

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Who was Vladimir llyich Lenin?
Bolshevik leader – excellent speaker + clear thinker
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What view did Lenin hold?
The Marxist view that communism could only come after a bourgeois revolution followed by workers’ revolution
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What did Lenin say in his speech a few days before the February Revolution broke out?
That the revolution may not come in his lifetime
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What was the name of the list of aims that Lenin sent ahead on his journey back to Russia?
April theses – PG was result of bourgeois revolution, Bol must now work for workers’ revolution, should work against PG + needed to get out of the war. Bol came round to his view after initial disagreement.
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When was the second Provisional Government established?
5 May 1917 –had members from main political groups except Bolsheviks. Non-Bol members of Petrograd Soviet joined PG but it still hadn’t taken Russia out of the war or made reforms
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Why did the Bolsheviks gain a lot of support?
As the people of Petrograd came to see the Bolsheviks as the only real supporters of radical change and ending the war.
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When did the Provisional Government introduce bread rationing?
March 1917
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When did the Russian generals lead another offensive and what happened as a result?
June 1917 – failed with heavy losses + by autumn 2 mill soldiers had deserted
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What did Lenin’s speeches include under his and Trotsky’s leadership?
“Peace, Land Bread” + “All Power to the Soviets”
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What had happened by June?
41 Bolshevik papers in major cities were criticising the Provisional Government + urging revolution
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What were the Red guards and what was Lenin’s main problem?
Armed workers (10,000 in Petrograd by July) – PG so unpopular workers may rise before the Bolsheviks ready
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What were the July Days (1917)?
Unplanned rising in Petrograd reacting to war, bread rationing + PG’s lack of reforms – smaller than Feb revolution
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How did the Provisional government respond to the July Days?
Like the Tsar – they sent troops to clear the streets. Trotsky + several other Bol leaders arrested + Lenin escaped but had to go into hiding
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Who led the PG when it reformed following the July days?
Alexander Kerensky (member of Duma + Petrograd soviet) chose Lavr kornilov known to be against the Feb revolution to command the army.
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What did the new PG do that slowed discontent among the workers but made business/landowners unhappy?
Reforms of industry and land ownership to start before November elections. PG’s control in cities still depended on army
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What was happening in the countryside (where the PG had never had that much control)?
Peasants began to rise up and take over land and food supplies from the landowners
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What was the counter-revolution that the Bolsheviks were warning the danger of?
Those who wanted to put the Tsar (at present a prisoner) back on the throne may revolt
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What did Kornilov push Kerensky to do and why?
Kornilov was disturbed by the growing unrest + risings in towns + the countryside & pushed Kerensky to impose martial law and break the power of the Soviets.
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What did Kerensky do when he couldn’t decide between the support of Kornilov or the soviets?
Encouraged Kornilov to order his troops to advance on Petrograd thinking they were saving the PG from the soviets
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What did Kerensky then claim before he armed the Bolshevik Red guards (imprisoned in July) to stop Kornilov?
Claimed that Kornilov was leading an army coup. Pro-soviet activists persuaded Kornilov’s troops to stop their advance so there was no fighting but Kornilov + 7000 followers were arrested.
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How did Kornilov present himself and why didn’t it work?
As the saviour of the revolution which was how the people saw the Bolsheviks whom won the most seats in the Petrograd Soviet election (31 august). Bol-party of the people
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What view did Lenin hold?

Back

The Marxist view that communism could only come after a bourgeois revolution followed by workers’ revolution

Card 3

Front

What did Lenin say in his speech a few days before the February Revolution broke out?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the name of the list of aims that Lenin sent ahead on his journey back to Russia?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When was the second Provisional Government established?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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