RS Unit 2

Christian beliefs about the status of animals

Humans have a higher status because; In the creation story God put humans in charge of animals, The believe in the idea of 'stewardship' that humans should look after God's creation, Jesus spoke about the value of animals so they should care for them

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Buddhists beliefs about the status of animals

All life is dependent on each other, Animals should be treated well because they are a part of the cycle of rebirth, All living things have the same right to happiness, Some Buddhists think the status of animals and humans are the same others dont.

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Similarites between humans and animals

Feel pain, protective instinct, survival instinct, physical features, feel fear

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Differences between humans and animals

Humans; use intelligence rather than instinct, have complex societies, protect the weak and vunerable, act morally, create art, music, literature and technology.

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Examples of animal welfare groups

WWF, RSPCA. Peta

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Christians view on animals rights

Christians don't believe animals have the same rights as humans but believe that they should be protected as they are part of the world God created. They should act as stewards.

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Buddhists views on animals rights

Buddhists don't believe that God created the world but think the rights of animals should still be protected and they should act as stewards.

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The Assisi Declaration

Leaders from all the main religions met at Assisi Italy in 1986 and made statements about how people should act responsibily towards the world and animals

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The RSPCA

Started in 1824 by the Reverend Arthur Broome and other Christians in response to cruelty to animals

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The Fur Trade

Usually involves wild animals being kept in fur farms. They are housed in small individual cages so their fur is not damaged. There is also illegal trading where endangered animals such as tigers are killed for fur.

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The Ivory Trade

Limited trading is legal in some countries but illegal trading is flourishing. Elephants are killed in order to get their tusks. This is particularly a problem for Indian Elephants as only the males have tusks.

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Christians views on the fur and ivory trade

Believe in the idea of stewardship, so killing wild animals for profit is not acceptable.

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Buddhists views on the fur and ivory trade

believe that everything in nature is dependent on each other. They also believe that animals are part of the cycle of rebirth

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Do animals have rights?

The term animals rights first introduced in 1892, now millions of people campaign. Believing animals deserve to live according to their own nature, not be harmed, exploited or abused. Against Factory farming and animal experimentation & entertainment

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Protecting Animal Rights

Groups have some succes in changing public attitudes and law celebrating International Animal Rights Day - dec 10th.

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Ways to protest?

Marches, Candlelit vigils and letters to the Mp

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Protecting the animals by law

No dangerous dogs or birds, no experiments for cosmetics, medical experiments allowed, foxhunting and dog fighting illegal, strict animal export regulations.

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Arguements for the Zoo

Unique & safe opportunity to see animals, Educational, creates succes breeding programess saving extinction.

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Arguements against zoos

Don't always provide suitable environment. some small cages and suffer stress, different from their natural enviroment

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Religious views on Zoos

Acceptable if habitat replicated and animals can roam. Recognise they provide successful breeding programmes

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Ohito Declaration

In 1995, Ohito, Japan world religious leaders put forwards principles; treat animals with care, sustaining enviromental life is religious responsibility, nature treated with respect and compassion.

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What is factory farming

Intense method of animal production, animals kept indoors, movement is restricted, babys separated from mothers at birth

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Reasons for factory farming

Food production is more efficent and costs less meaning eggs, milk and meat is cheaper.

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Reasons against Factory framing

Crowded living conditions, drugs and chemicals build up in food chain, waste from farms kills wildlife.

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Free - range farming

roam freely and live natural life, only kept in at night, stay with parents, but more expensive

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Slaughter and transport of animals

Animals stunned then slaughtered in Britain, letting them bleed out. Muslim (halal) and Jewish ( kosher) methods involving sharper knifes.

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Christianity views on hunting

Some belive its justified as humans have dominion over animals, others belive we have a duty of stewardship over God's creation

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Buddhist views on hunting

Karuna and Metta to all living things. Hunting isnt keeping in the eightfold path or first precept. Buddhsits consider it as tormenting and abusing

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Cloning

Creating an organism that is the exact genetic copy of another, sometimes proventing diseases such as cystic fibrosis. although benefits some embryos destroyed.

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Reasons for Hunting

Nourishment, fitness and health, entertainment, tradition and heritage.

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Reasons against hunting

Cruel, unnecessary, causes extinction, distressing to animals

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Reasons for fur trade

fashionable, economic gains, comfortable, resourceful if killed for meat

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Reasons against fur trade

Involves suffering to animals, cruel, unnatural, not a necessity

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Reasons for medical testing

Sotps human suffering, dominion, saves lives, evolution

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Reasons against medical testing

unnatural, 90% of drugs fail on humans, equal value of life, alternatives

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Gentic modification

enabkes scientists to study how genes work, study the effects of genetic diseases and test new drugs.

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Buddhist views on animal expermentation

morally wrong, bad karma, only acceptable if no alternative, treat animals kindly.

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Christianity views on animal experimentation

god's creation, god made man in 'his image'. some say its a necassary evil.

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Miracle of life

The idea that life is wonderful, amazing and special

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Viable

The point at which a foetus could survive if it were to be born

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Pro choice

In favour of womens rights

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Pro life

in favour of the life of the foetus.

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Is life sacred - for

gift from god, bible says its a blessing, no human race otherwise, sanctity of life.

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Is life sacred - against

just natural, no god?, quality of life issues, accident?, part of samsara cycle, health issues.

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When does life begin?

Conception, Implantation, 'Quickening', Aristoles Theory, Tissue separation, Brain activity, viability of the foetus, birth.

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Buddhist view on life

Life begins at conception, all living things are part of samsara - cycle of rebirth.

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Christians views of life

some think life begins at conception, other think not til birth

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Quality of life

measurement of fulfilment, kind of life baby will have- mental and physical. and mothers QoL

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Challenges of Quality of Life

An unwanted child , poverty, severe disability

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Abortion Act - 28 weeks

1967, only mother life at risk, health of other children affected, severe disabilty

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Abortion Act - 24 weeks

1990, Not allowed unless mother or babys life at risk.

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Alternatives to abortion

Kepping the child, adoption , fostering

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Agape

Uncondiotional love

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Scapegoat

Blaming certain groups for problems in society

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Stereotyping

having an over simplified mental image of people and applying it to a group

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Postive discrimination

treating people more favourably because they have been discriminated against in the past

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Prejudice

Beliving people are inferior or superior without even knowing them

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Discrimination

To act on the basis of prejudice; to treat someone differently

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Types of discrimnation

homophobia, xenophobia, sexism, racism

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Christians teaching on equality

teach everyone equal, the message of Jesus was a radical subversion of the social and cultural rules of the time, but in modern times men are more powerful

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Ghandi's beliefs

led non violent protests and fasted to the point of starvation wanted to have mixed castes.

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Martin Luther King

a black baptist who wanted to end oppression of black people in the USA in 50's and 60's.

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Examples of oppression

segeration on buses, violent attacks, no voting, paid less

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Rosa Parks

organized boycott on buses after being arrested for refusing to give up her seat.

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Christian view of Prejudice

everyones equal in the eyes of God, Jesus respects women however think they should 'remain silent in churches'

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Buddhism view on Prejudice

Buddha taught everyone has equal potential of reaching enlightenment, left wealthy lifestyle as wealth doesn't bring happiness, show metta.

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Climate Change

A change in regional or global climate patterns

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Global warming

a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the Earth's atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, CFC'S and other pollutants

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Sustainable Enerrgy

conserving an ecological balance by avoiding depletion of natural resources by finding a renewable alternative

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Pollution

The presence in ot introduction into the enviroment of a subsatnce which has harmful or poisonous effects

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Conservation

Protection, or restoration of the natural environment and of wildlife

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Evolution

The process by which different kinds of living organism are believed to have developed from earlier forms during the history of the earth

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Creationism

The belief that the universe and living organisms originate from specific acts of divine creation, as in the biblical account, rather than by natural processes such as evolution

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Awe and Wonder

to be amazed by something in nature and believe this is possible evidence for a creator

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Big Bang Theory

All galaxies are moving away from us, all further away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving away these features are found in explosions

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Creation Story

D1- Day and night, D2 - sky, D3 - land and seas, D4 - sun, moon &stars, D5- animals, D6- adam&eve, D7 - rest

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If creationism is true...

world created for humans, world sacred, dominion

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If big bang theory true...

Humans not most important and are equally important as all life forms, no duty of care

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Christians views on responsibility of the planet

Stewardship, rewarded or punished with heaven or hell

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Buddhist views on responsibility of the planet

believe in rebirth and reincarnation.

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Awe and wonderment

usually relates to seeing beautiful things in the world that stun you, make you feel privileged to have witnessed them. For many people this is evidence of God's creation

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Buddhism and the World

The universe is a single, vast, living thing, all parts depend on each other- interdependence, humans should not act against nature

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Christians and the world

God created the universe as an expression of love, Humans as god's children have responsibility

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Deforestation

process whereby forests cleared, increased co2 levels, caused by road building and dams, solutions politics

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Overpopulation

overcrowding, causes- improved medical care, effects - conflicts and wars solutions education about reproduction

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Fossil fuels and ozone layers

high concentraion of ozone, causes - burnning of fossil fuels = co2, effects- higher uv levels, solutions- cleaner, renewable energy

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Plant and animal extinction

no more species, causes - new diseases, effects- loss of species, solutions- protection of endangered species

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How to save the planet?

Recycle, Reuse, walking . pray, campaign

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Kyoto agreements

1997, agreed on; cleaner fuels, reducing carbon dioxide emissions

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Buddhism and environment

respect and compassion, destruction is ignorant, greed and lack of respect for living things - Dalai Lama, 1st precept, karmic consquences

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Christianity and environment

god created world = stewardship, heal the world, Dya of Judgement they will be punished or rewarded with heaven or hell.

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RS Unit 2

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