Rosenhan's Study

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What did Nelly Bly do in 1887?
Pretended to be insane in order to be commited to a mental asylum in New York
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What was she declared and by who?
Insane by several declared
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How was she declared?
A hopeless carer
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How did she record her experiences?
In her journal
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What book was published with this journal?
Ten days in a mad house
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What happened as a result of Bly's Exposure ?
addition funding was given to mental asylums in New York
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What was she famed for?
Improving the quality of psychiatric care
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What did Laing suggest?
Best to treat patients such as schizophrenics in the community
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What did he believe?
The medical model was no better than demonology
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What did he believe about the label 'mental illness'?
It was a way of excluding people society feels uncomfortable
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Laing gave lectures as part of what?
The anti-psychiatry movement
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What was the lectures about?
problems with mainstream psychiatry.
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How is Rosenhan associated with Laing?
He sat in one of these lectures and wanted to sit in and observe for himself, from the 'inside'
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What Process did Rosenhan want to observe?
Mental patients are labelled and stripped of their identity
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What did Goffman work as?
A member of staff in a mental asylum
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What did he find out about patients?
they were labelled insane and their behaviour was viewed as a reflection of that label
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What did patients go through?
Mortification
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Which was?
they were de personalised and stripped of their own identities- making them powerless
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What was another study?
Pygmalion
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What did this highlight the idea of?
Self fulfilling prophercies
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What were teachers told?
That a special group of pupils had unusual potential and that they would bloom
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What were these students actually?
They had a range of IQs and were selected randomly
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What did the teachers expectation become?
A self fulfilling prophecy and even the weak students in the special group showed greater increase in IQ over 8 months than the control group
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Do to what?
labelling
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What was the first of Rosenhan's aim?
To find out if a psychiatrist could tell the difference between people who are genuinly mentally ill and those who are not, or between those who are normal and those who are abnormal
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What was the other aim?
to investigate whether the diagnosis of mental illness is based on a patient's behaviour or on the environment the patient is in and the extent to which this can lead to a self fulfilling prophecy
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Procedures
Procedures
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What was Rosenhan's research method?
Participant observation in a natural environment which had a degree of control
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What did Rosenhan's sample consist of?
Staff(doctors and nurses) of 12 varied hospital
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How many patients did study 1 have?
8 pseudopatients (3 females and 5 males including rosenhan himself
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What did these patients want to do?
get admitted to 12 different hospitals in the US
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What did the patients say they heard?
"empty" "hollow" " thud"
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What was the one rule of the pseudopatients?
They told the truth about themselves except for their names and for the voices
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What happened when the patients were admitted?
They behaved normally
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What did the pseudopatients daily life involve?
Talking to the other patients and making notes- at secretly, but then openly because the staff did not care
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What were the pseudopatients told they had to do?
Get out on their devices, no one was going to come and get them out
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What questions did they pseudopatients asked staff?
"PArdon me, When am I likely to be discharged"
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What did Study 2 involve?
Some pseudopatients would be coming to them within the next 3 months
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How did the hospital have to rate the patients?
1-10 point scale
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What did they have to rate?
How confident they were that the patients who came in over the next 3 months were genuine
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How many admitted patients were there?
193
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What ethical issues did Rosenhan address?
He kept the identity of all hospitals and the staff confidential
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FINDINGS
FINDINGS
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What were 4 of the pseudopatients occupation?
3 were psychologists and 1 was a housewife
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How many patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia?
7
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What was 1 patient diagnosed with?
Bipolar
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What were all patients discharged with?
Schizophrenia in remission
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How many days were pseudopatients in the asylum for?
7 to 52
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What was the mean day?
19
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On average how long was each patient with a psychiatrist?
6.8 mins
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How many real patients said "you're not crazy" and "You're a journalist"?
35 out of 118
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How many tablets were given to the patients?
2100
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How many tablets were swallowed?
2
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How was the normal behaviour by the patients percieved?
in the light of "insane places" and the patient engaged in writing behaviour
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What did Staff do to patients?
Beat and swore at them
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How long did they spend in the cage?
11%
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How many times did the nurse come out per shift?
10-11 times
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How many nurses looked away if the pps asked when they could go home?
88%
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what did Rosenhan find that a nurse did?
adjusted her underwear infront of a ward of male patients
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In study 2 how many patients were thought to be pseudopatients?
41/193
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What was the first conclusion by Rosenhan?
Psychiatrists cannot reliably tell who is sane and who is insane
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What did he conclude about people who are in a psychiatric hospital?
their behaviour is assumed to reflect insanity even when they are sane
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What happened when a person is labelled mentally ill?
A person becomes de personallised and thus powerless and their label tends to stick foreve
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How does a patient act when they have been diagnosed with Schizophrenia?
They behave accordingly to self fulfill a prophecy
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Why did Rosenhan say the pseudopatients were called mentally ill?
Doctors were bias towards type 2 errors i. e it is better to call a healthy person sick
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What is the quote by Rosenhan?
'the mentally ill are societie's lepers'
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What was she declared and by who?

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Insane by several declared

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How was she declared?

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Card 4

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How did she record her experiences?

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Card 5

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What book was published with this journal?

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