Individuals differ in their behaviour and personal qualities so not everyone can be considered the average person. In psychology we also need to understand these differences between people
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What is the aim of Rosenhan's first study?
To see if individuals who present themselves to a psychiatric hospital would be diagnosed as insane
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Who were the observers in study 1?
8 pseudopatients (including Rosenhan). 5 men and 3 women
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What was the sample in the first study?
12 hospitals across five states of America
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What did the pseudopatients claim to hear voices saying to them in study 1?
'empty', 'hollow', 'thud'
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After being admitted did the pseudopatients carry on showing signs of abnormality?
No
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What research method was used in study 1?
Observation
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What were the results of study 1?
all pseudopatients admitted except one and diagnosed with schizophrenia and then discharged with schizophrenia 'in remission'
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What error was made in study 1 and what is meant by this?
'type 2' error. This is where they were more likely to call a healthy person sick.
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What was the aim of study 2?
To see if the tendency towards diagnosing the sane as insane could be reversed.
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What was the method for study 2?
staff members at the hospital informed of study 1's results. They were told that in the next three months one or more pseudopatients would seek admittance. Staff members had to rate patients
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What were the results of study 2?
193 patients admitted for treatment. 41 judged to be pseudopatients by one staff member. 23 suspected by at least one psychiatrist. 19 suspected by a psychiatrist and one other staff member
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What error were hospitals making in study 2?
'type 1' errors. Calling a sick person healthy
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What was the aim of study 3?
To investigate the contact between patients and staff in psychiatric hospitals.
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What was the method of the third study?
4 hospitals. Pseudopatients asked a staff member a question as normally as possible.
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What were the results of study 3?
Most common response - brief reply and staff member continued on without pausing or eye contact. 4% of psychiatrists and o.5% of nurses stopped. 2% chatting
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What was the control in study 3?
female university student asked staff members 6 questions. All staff members stopped and answered, whilst maintaining eye contact.
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What was the research method in study 3?
Field experiment
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Name one ethical issue of the studies?
Deception
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Was Rosenhan's study longitudinal?
Yes, the pseudopatients were in the hospitals for 17 to 52 days.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the aim of Rosenhan's first study?
Back
To see if individuals who present themselves to a psychiatric hospital would be diagnosed as insane
Card 3
Front
Who were the observers in study 1?
Back
Card 4
Front
What was the sample in the first study?
Back
Card 5
Front
What did the pseudopatients claim to hear voices saying to them in study 1?
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