Roots & On The Move

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What is genealogy?
The study of family history
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What is a greying population?
A population structure in which the proportion of people aged 65 and over is high and rising
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What is age-selective migration?
A movement of a particular age-group or gender
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What is extended family?
Members of the family beyond the core of parents and children
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What is social mobility?
The movement of individuals between different levels of social hierarchy, usually measured occupationally
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What is a baby boom?
A brief increase in the birth rate
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When did the UK experience a baby boom?
After the second world war when soldiers returned home and started families
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What is secularisation?
A general decline in the significance of religious beliefs
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What is demography?
It is the study of population characteristics
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What factors lead to falling birth rates?
Woman having an improved status and more work oppertunities, contraception, abortion and education, the rising costs of living and raising children, global connections
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What factors lead to longer life expectancy?
Improved healthcare, improved sanitation and hygiene, improved nutrition and diet choices, global connections
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What is the dependency ratio?
population under 16 + population over 65 / population 15-64 x100
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Where fo retired people get their income from?
State pension, other state benefits, company pensions, continued employment, investments, family support
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What contributions do elderly people make to society?
Voluntary charitable work, spending money on goods and services, earning money and paying tax, bringing wisdom and experience to the worlds of politics and commerce
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What is expected to happen to the world's greying population by 2047?
The amount of ovfe 60s is expected to exceed the number of children under 15 for the first time
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What are displaced persons?
People who are forced to move, by war, famine, political persecution or natural disaster
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What are illegal migrants?
People who avoid border and immigration controls and enter a new country illegally
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What are voluntary migrants?
People who move for quality of life reasons and usually for economic gain
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What type of migrant is most likely to be deported back to their own country?
Illegal migrants
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What type of migrant is most likely to return to their own country after staying for many weeks or years out of their own choice?
Voluntary migrants
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What is net migration?
The balance between immigration and emigration
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What does Lee's model show that other model do not?
The intervening obstacles
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What are the intervening obstacles of someone wanting to go and live in another country?
Not speaking the language, not being able to obtain a visa or other legal requirements, family pressures to stay, travel distance
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What has made population movements easier in recent times?
Globalisation
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When were most national border controls removed in the EU?
1995
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Why has the distance between Spain and the UK 'shrunk'?
The rise of low-cost airlines like easyJet, a long-term road-building programme in Spain, the internet making it easier for businesses and families to communicate overseas
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What economic benefits does migration bring to the host country?
Fills skills gaps and labour shortages, reduces wage inflation, economic growth occurs as migrants are also consumers, in the UK it provides a young tax-paying workforce, migrants can open new markets
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What are the economic costs that migration brings for the host country?
Reduces wage for domestic workers, low-skilled migrants need training, some migrants may be burden on the state, the increased demand for resources leads to shortages and rising prices for everyone
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What economic benefits does migration bring to the source country?
Migrants send remittances back home, returning migrants gain new skills that can benefit the source country, there becomes less pressure on resources and land, unemployment is reduced
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What economic costs does migration bring to the source country?
Economic growth may be slow as skilled workers leave, if young people leave, the proportion of aged dependants rises, innovation may slow as the young leave
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a greying population?

Back

A population structure in which the proportion of people aged 65 and over is high and rising

Card 3

Front

What is age-selective migration?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is extended family?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is social mobility?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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