RMA AND RMB

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  • Created by: jp3louis
  • Created on: 20-10-16 11:35
Definition of aims
A general statement of what the researcher intends to investigate. The purpose of a study.
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Definition of bar chart
A type of graph in which the frequency of each variable is represented by the height of the bars.
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Definition of behavioural category
When a target behaviour is broken up into components that are observable and measurable.
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Definition of BPS code of ethics.
A quasi- legal document produced by the british psychoological society that tells psychologists in the uk about what behaviour is and not acceptable around participants
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Definition of case study
A research method that involves a detalied study of a single individual
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Definition of closed question
Questions for which there is a fixed choice of responses determined by the question setter
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Definition of confounding variables
Any variable other than the IV that many have affected the DV. This means we cannot find the true source that change the DV.
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Definition of content analysis
A observational study in which behaviour is observed indiretly in pictorial or verbal material.
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Definition of controlled observation
Watching and recording behaviour within a structured environment.
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Definition of correlation co-efficent
A number between +1 and -1 which indicates the strength and direction of a relationship between two co - variables
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Definition of correlation
A mathematical technique in which a researcher investigates and association between co -varibles
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Definition of counterbalancing
Being taught a new association that is the opposite of the original association thus removing the original association.
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Definition of demand characteristics
ANy cue from the researcher of from the research situation that may be interpreted by participants as revealing the purpse of the investigation. They could lead the participant to another answer.
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Definition of Dependent variable
The variable that is measured by the researcher. Any affect on the dv should be caused by the change in the IV.
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Definition of directional hypothesis
States the direction of the difference or relationship
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Definition of ethical issues
They arise when a conflict exists between the rights of the participant in research studies and the goals of the experiments.
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Definition of event sampling
A target behaviour or event is first established then the researcher records this event every time it occurs.
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Definition of experiment
The manipulation of the IV to see the effect on the DV
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Definition of experimental/alternative hypothesis
A prediction that your IV will have some effect on the DV and that they will relate to eachother.
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Definition of extraneous variables
Any variable other than the IV that may have an effect on the DV
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Definition of field experiment
An experiment that takes place ion a natural setting where the researcher controls the iv.
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Definition of histogram
A type of frequency distribution where the number of scores in each category of continous data are represented by vertical bars.
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Definition of independent group designs
Participants are allocated to different groups where each group represents on experimental condition
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Definition of independent variable
Some aspect of the experiment that is manipulated by the researcher so the DV can be measured.
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Definition of interview
A live encounter where one person asks a set of questions to assess and interviewees thoughts and experiences. Could be structured or unstructured.
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Definition of investigator effects
Any effect of the investigators behaviour on the research outcome (Dv)
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Definition of laboratory experiment
An experiment which takes place in a controlled environment within with the researcher manipulates the Iv and records the effect of the DV.
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Definition of matched pars design
Pairs of participants are first matched on some variables that may affect the DV. One member is put on condition A while the other is on conditon B
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Definition of mean
The arithmetic average calculated by adding up all the values in a set of data and dividing them by the amount there is.
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Definition of measures of central tendency
The general term for any measure of the average in a set of data.
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Definition of measures of dispersion
The general term for any measure of the spread or variation in a set of scores.
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Definition of median
The central value in a set of data when values are arranged from lowest to highest.
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Definition of mode
The most frequent number in a set of data.
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Definition of natural experiment
An experiment where the change in the IV is not brought about by the researcher but would have happened even if the researcher had not been there.
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Definition of naturalistic observation
Watching and recording behaviour in the setting within which it would normally occur.
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Definition of negative correlation
As one co-variable increases, the other decreases.
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Definition of non-directional hypothesis
A form of hypothesis that states a difference,correlation or association between two variables but does not specify the direction of a relationship
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Definition of normal distribution
A symmetrical spread of frequency data that forms a bell-shaped pattern. The mode median and mean are all at the highest peak
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Definition of null hypothesis
When a hypothesis is implying there will be no relation
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Definition of open question
Questions for which there is no fixed choice of response and respondents can answer in any way they wish.
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Definition of operationalisation
Clearly defining variables in terms of how the can be measured.
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Definition of oppotunity sampling
A smaple of participants that are found by seeing who is most easily avaliable at the time of study
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Definition of peer review
The assessment of specific work by other researchers who are specialists in the same field to ensure that any research set for publication is of high quality
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Definition of pilot study
A small scale investigation before a big one to check everything is okay.
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Definition of population
A group of people who are the focus of the researchers study.
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Definition of positive correlation
As one co-variable goes up, so does the other.
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Definition of qualitive data
Data that is expressed in words.
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Definition of quantitive data
Data expressed in numbers
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Definition of questionnaire survey
A set of questions used to assess someones thoughts,
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Definition of random sampling
A sample of participants produced by using a random technique suchathat every member of the target is being tested and has an equal chance of being selected.
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Definition of randomisation
The use of chance in order to control for the effects of bias when designing materials and deciding the order of conditions.
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Definition of range
A simple calculation of the dispersion in a set of scores. Highest- lowest.
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Definition of repeated measures design
All participants take part in all segments of the experiment
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Definition of sampling
The method to take certain people for a certain group
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Definition of scattergram
A type of graph used to represent strength and direction of a relationship between co-variables
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Definition of secondary data
Information that has already been collected by someone else.
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Definition of self-report
Any method in which a person is asked to state or explain their own feelings.
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Definition of skewed distribution
A spread of frequency data that is not symmetrical where the data clusters at one end.
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Definition of standard deviation
A measure of dispersion wheree it shows how much scores deviate from the mean and each score. All differences are added up and divided by the number of scores.
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Definition of standardisation
Using exactly the same formalised procedures and instructions for all participants in a research study.
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Definition of stratified sampling
A sampling technique where groups of participants are selected to their frequency in the population.
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Definition of structured/unstructured interviews
S - any interview where the questions are decided in advance. US - when there are no set questions.
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Definition of systematic sampling
A method of obtaining representative data by selecting every 5th, 10th or 7th (any number) of whatever person.
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Definition of time sampling
A target group is first established by recording their data within a time frame like 30 or 60 seconds.
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Definition of volunteer sampling
A sample of participants who asked to take part and accepted it.
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Definition of zero correlation
When there is no relationship between two co variables.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Definition of bar chart

Back

A type of graph in which the frequency of each variable is represented by the height of the bars.

Card 3

Front

Definition of behavioural category

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Definition of BPS code of ethics.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Definition of case study

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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