Risk factors for offending

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What did Frazetto et al find in relation to MAO-A?
MAO-A in combo with abuse experienced as a child resulted in an increase risk of aggressive behaviour in adulthood
1 of 12
A strong interaction between low MAO-A and childhood maltreatment is indicated is conduct disorder according to which study?
Caspi et al (2002)
2 of 12
What does hypoxia have in relation to antisocial behaviour?
Neural density of those experiencing hypoxia is lower due to lack of oxygen, therefore during birth complications when there is restriction of oxygen in conjunction with later environmental factors results in higher risk of antisocial behaviour
3 of 12
What evidence is there to show birth complications combined with early maternal rejection of infants predispose adult violent crime?
Raine et al., 2008 (A longitudinal study)
4 of 12
What are the mechanisms that show smoking during pregnancy leads to antisocial behaviour?
Nicotine exposure to an infant reduces the nutrients and oxygen that reaches the brain, causing hypoxia and leading to cell death - and deficits in behaviour because of this
5 of 12
The association of smoking and offending still occurs when confounding variables are controlled, like genetics. Who showed this?
Maughan et al., 2004
6 of 12
Drinking during pregnancy leads to what disorder?
Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
7 of 12
Streissguth, 2004 showed that those with FAS suffer exhibit what (with percentages)
60% exhibit juvenile delinquency and 49% show inappropriate behaviours
8 of 12
What are the mechanisms underlying drinking during pregnancy and its effect on offending?
Damage to the hippocamous effects learning, FAS associated with poor exectuive functions and those with FAS exhibit widespread structural and functional impairments
9 of 12
Maltreated children show increased amygdala response to emotions, as proved by who?
De Britto et al (2013)
10 of 12
Low HR is a marker for low fear, which could disrupt early fear conditioning as hypothesised by who?
Raine et al., 1993
11 of 12
Who posited the sensation seeking theory and what does it explain?
Eysenk, 1997. Sensation seeking theory states low HR is an unplesant experience and antisocial behaviour is therefore a tool to increase arousal to increase heart rate and also for stimulation
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Card 2

Front

A strong interaction between low MAO-A and childhood maltreatment is indicated is conduct disorder according to which study?

Back

Caspi et al (2002)

Card 3

Front

What does hypoxia have in relation to antisocial behaviour?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What evidence is there to show birth complications combined with early maternal rejection of infants predispose adult violent crime?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the mechanisms that show smoking during pregnancy leads to antisocial behaviour?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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