land held by a vassal in return for service to a lord
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tenant-in-cheif
someone who held their fiefs directly from the king. In return they advised the king and provided him with fighting men
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under-tenant
someone who held their fiefs from a tenant-in-cheif in return they would fight in the kings army
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vassal
someone who held land from someone else in the feudal system
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homage
swearing an oath of loyalty in a public ceremony
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barons
the most powerful nobles and clergy
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demesne
the king's land- about 20% of England between 1189-1216
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forfeiture
land taken away as punishment for breaking an oath. This could be granted to someone else
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tallage
land tax
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scutage
an amount, determined by the king, that a tenant-in-cheif could pay instead of sending knights
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labour service
work that peasants had to do for their lord. It was agricultural work and meant that there was enough produce in England
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clergy
people who were dedicated to God- the Pope, Cardinals, Archbishops e.c.t.
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lay people
people who were not part of the clergy, the congregation at a church
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coronation
when the king received his crown. This gave him almost unlimited power
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primogeniture
when the eldest son inherits the throne
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sheriff
the tax collector for royal lands
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fallow land
land not farmed to give it time to restore its nutrients
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common land
for animals to graze, it belonged to the village so everyone could use it
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freeman
not a vassal so they didn't owe anyone homage. These people tended to be in towns, often worked on land
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guild
an organisation that craftsmen of a certain trade belonged to. This allowed them to trade in town for a membership free of tax.
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pogrom
a riot against a group of people. This happened to the Jews in 1189-90
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feudal system
the order of society; hierarchy in which everyone had a place.
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king
had a right to land but in return had to give order and protection. His duties were to keep peace, punish greed and maintain justice
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knights
to become a knight you would give an oath of fealty and were 'dubbed' in (struck on the neck) In return they would serve in the kings army for 2 mouth per year at their own expense and performed 40 days service in guarding the king's castle.
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itinerant kingship
the practice of the king and his court travelling from place to place around the country
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When was king Richard crowned?
1189
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When did Richard die?
1199
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charter
a document that outlines rights especially property rights. Royal charter was enforced by royal authority
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
someone who held their fiefs directly from the king. In return they advised the king and provided him with fighting men
Back
tenant-in-cheif
Card 3
Front
someone who held their fiefs from a tenant-in-cheif in return they would fight in the kings army
Back
Card 4
Front
someone who held land from someone else in the feudal system
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