Rhys ap Gruffud rebellion

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Why was Wales not under close royal supervison?
the distance between london and wales
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Why did wales have a reputation for crime and disorder?
it was easy for criminals to aviod capture in the wild terrian.
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Why was the apprehension of criminals made more difficult?
because of the assortment of legal jurisdictions among the marcher lordships along the boarders of south and east wales.
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What was the greatest challange to the english government at this time?
lawlessness and that the Marcher lordships held a great deal of power
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How did Henry VII continue the little success Edward IV had in governing the pricipality and some of the Marcher lordships?
in 1493 Henry granted his eldest son arthur the possession of the principality of Wales and a number of Marcher lordships with a council established for overseeing justice
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What were Henrys priorites?
more interested in overseas glory than providing a better government
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What did the Heavy taxation needed to fund his foregien adventures expose?
weakness of government in outlaying regions
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What was Princess Mary sent to do?
head the council in the principality presided over by john veysey, Bishop if exeter.
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What did this achive?
provison of justice was greatly imporved , but the coucil was unable to stop the disorder allfiting the welsh boarderlands.
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Why was the South a particular problem?
Social unrest- oppresion by important families and the infiltration of english laws and adminstrative practices.
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Why were there more problems in the south WEST?
during mid- 1520s large numbers of Anglo-Irish had immigraded to pembs after being driven from their homes by rebellion of the Earl of Desmond
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Why were these imigrants a problem?
no respect for law and were defiant when challenged- local officals had request that the council take action to restore order as pembs was the weak point in the defences of the realm
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How was Rhys ap Thomas (1449-1525) one of Henry VII's greatest supporters?
fought alongside him at Bosworth with an Army that inculded 500 cavarly- one to deliver fatal blow to rich
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How did this help his family?
Henry VII rewarded him generously with land, titles and a knighthood- family one of the two strongest in Wales, executing alot of power over the ML which iritaed Henry VIII
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Who was Rhys ap Thomas' heir when he died in 1525?
his 17 year old grandson, the most influential man in south west wales, Rhys ap Gruffud
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What did the King do instead?
award Rhys' most important titled and power to an English man, Lord Ferrers, inculding Chamberlain of South Wales.
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What did this cause?
great resenment and an ongoing feud between Rhys ap Gruffud and Lord Ferrers.
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How did Rhys attempt to increse his staus in Wales?
by petioning for Cardial wolsey to be given Various posts
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What could Rhys and Ferrers both do and what did this cause?
extend their retainers which led to armed gangs competing againsit each other
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When was the Crisis point reached?
June 1529
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What was this crisis point?
Ferrers made a great display of his ststus during the preparartions for carmarthen annual Court of Great Sessions
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What did Rhys do and what did it result in?
with 40 armed men, threatened Ferrers with a knife- him being imprisoned in Carmarthen castle
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How was the situation made worse?
When Rhys wife, Lady Catherine Howard, raised servral hundred supporters and stormed the castle demading rhys relsese and making threats
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What did this result in?
Rhys was relesed on bail and tried before the Star Chamber in Nov- case ended with an injuction to Rhys and ferrers to make peace with each other and amongst their followers
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How did Lady Catherine make the situation worse some mounths later?
by threatning Ferrers with an armed gang- sevral men killed in the conflict and during the mounths that followed there were disruption leading to deaths in street fights amd acts of piracy
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Whay was Rhys transfered to prison in London in 1531?
the increase in violence and rebellious actions of Rhys supporters after the intial disiplined
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What was the strongest charge againsit Rhys?
that he was plotting againsit the king in an attempt to otherthrow his government in wales- this was reported by the ambassor to Emperpor Charles V
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What was the evidence for this?
that Rhys had added the the tiltle 'Fitz-Urien' to his name
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What did this mean?
'son of'- an acinet practice to show decent
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How did his accusers use it as evidnce?
with the familys immesnse posseions and great popularity behind him, he intended to assert the independance of the principality of Wales and sever it from the English Government.
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Who else was Rhys supposdly plotting with?
James V of Scotland in order to overthrow Henry in fulfilment of anciet welsh prophesies
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What eles was Rhyw opposed to?
the reformation and was friendly with cardinal Wolsey and catherine of aragon
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Why did this put Rhys in a dangerous postion for the time?
his sympathes were clearly with the pope and he had spoken disparaginly of Anne Boleyn
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What happened to Rhys in the end?
Found gulity of High treason after a trial befor ethe Kins bench and was executed in Dec 1531
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Although this rebellion was not threatining to the Crown, what was it used as evidence as?
that wales was not in control
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What did this enable Henry VIII to do?
propmt a series of events leading to the destruction of the Marcher lordships
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Who was appoint president of the council of Wales?
Rowland Lee
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Was Lee's work successful?
very successful in controlling wales with the improvement of law and order and the introduction of JPs.
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What did Lee's work prepare the way for?
the destruction of the Marcher lordships and their union with the principality
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When were the Acts of Union passed?
1536-1542
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What did this mean?
The marcher lordships were abolished, the marchers and the principality were united and the whole country was dived into 13 counties- law in england became the only law in wales
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why did wales have a reputation for crime and disorder?

Back

it was easy for criminals to aviod capture in the wild terrian.

Card 3

Front

Why was the apprehension of criminals made more difficult?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the greatest challange to the english government at this time?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How did Henry VII continue the little success Edward IV had in governing the pricipality and some of the Marcher lordships?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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