Cells revision cards

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what do plant cells have that animal cells don't?
Cell wall made of cellulose, Vacuole, Chloroplasts
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what happens in the chloroplasts and what do they contain?
Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll
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where does respiration and other chemical reactions in an animal cell take place?
Mitochondria
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What are made in the Ribosomes?
Proteins
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What does the Cell Membrane do?
Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out of it
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What is the Nucleus?
It contains the genetic material that controls the activities of the cell
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What type of organism is Yeast?
A single celled organism
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What do bacterial cells not have?
no nucleus, so the genetic material floats in the Cytoplasm
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What is diffusion?
the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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Where does diffusion happen and why?
solutions and gases because the particles in these substances are free to move around
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What molecules can diffuse through cell membranes?
small molecules; oxygen, glucose, amino acids and water
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What molecules can't diffuse through cell membranes?
big molecules; starch and proteins
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What is a Palisade Leaf Cell adapted for and how is it adapted for this?
Photosynthesis, packed with chloroplasts at the top of the cell nearer the light, tall shape means big surface area for absorbing CO2, thin shape; lots can fit in at the top of the leaf
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What are Guard Cells adapted for and how are they adapted for this?
open and close pores; when plant has water they're turgid open up pores, lacks water become flaccid and close stomata, thin outer walls thick inner walls for opening/closing, sensitive to light close at night to save water.
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What are Red Blood Cells adapted for and how are they adapted for this?
Adapted to carry oxygen, concave shape means large surface area for absorbing oxygen, packed with haemoglobin (pigment that absorbs oxygen) and have no nucleus to leave more room for haemoglobin
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What are Sperm and Egg cells adapted for and how do they do this?
Reproduction, Egg cell; carries female DNA, huge food reserve to nourish the developing embryo Sperm; long tail and streamlined head to help it swim to the egg and deliver the male DNA, lots of mitochondria for energy
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What is differentiation?
The process where cells become specialised for a particular job
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What are the levels of organisation within an organism?
cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism
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What is a tissue?
A group of cells with a similair structure and function
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What does muscle, glandular and epithelial tissue do?
muscle tissue contracts so we can move, glandular tissue produces substances such as enzymes and hormones, epithelial tissue covers organs
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What are 3 examples of plant organs?
Stems, roots, leaves
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What are examples of plant tissues and what do they do?
Epidermal tissues that cover the plant, Mesophyll where photosynthesis takes place, Xylem & Phloem that transport substances around the plant
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How is a Root hair cell specialised to do its job?
Has a large surface area to absorb water and minerals easily
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what happens in the chloroplasts and what do they contain?

Back

Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll

Card 3

Front

where does respiration and other chemical reactions in an animal cell take place?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are made in the Ribosomes?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does the Cell Membrane do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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