P1,C1,B1.

?
Crude Oil = MIXTURE OF HYDROCARBONS, can be separated into useful products, in a process called FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION.
Demand for short hydrocarbon molecules is greater than supply in Crude Oil, so CRACKING is used. Cracking = conversion of long alkane molecules into shorter alkanes and alkenes<<MORE USEFUL.
1 of 5
Formation of Crude Oil = 1) Found trapped in some of the sedimentary rocks of the Earth's crust. 2) Millions of years ago, huge numbers of microscopic animals and plants died and fell to the bottom of the sea
3) Remains covered in mud, and as it was buried with more sediment, changed into rock (as temp.and pressure increased) 4) Remains "cooked" and turned to Crude Oil.
2 of 5
DISTILLATION = process what can be used to separate pure liquid from a mixture of liquids. Works when liquids have different boiling points. Commonly used to separate ethanol from water.
1) Mixture heated in a flask. Ethanol has lower boiling point than water so evaporates first. 2) Ethanol vapour is then cooled and condensed in le condenser to form a pure liquid. 3) When all ethanol has evaporated temp. rises and water evaporates.
3 of 5
Sequence of events in Distillation = Heating → Evaporating → Cooling → Condensing
Step 1 - water and ethanol solution are heated. Step 2 - the ethanol evaporates first, cools, then condenses. Step 3 - the water left evaporates, cools, then condenses.
4 of 5
FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION (FD) Hydrocarbons have different boiling points. CAN be solid, liquid OR gas at room temp. (Hydrocarbons, henceforth to be known as HC)
Small HC = few carbon atoms, LOW BOILING POINTS, gases. HC with between 5 und 12 Carbon atoms = USUALLY LIQUIDS. Large HC = many Carbon atoms, HIGH BOILING POINTS, solids. Because of different boiling points, substances in Crude Oil separated by FD.
5 of 5

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

3) Remains covered in mud, and as it was buried with more sediment, changed into rock (as temp.and pressure increased) 4) Remains "cooked" and turned to Crude Oil.

Back

Formation of Crude Oil = 1) Found trapped in some of the sedimentary rocks of the Earth's crust. 2) Millions of years ago, huge numbers of microscopic animals and plants died and fell to the bottom of the sea

Card 3

Front

1) Mixture heated in a flask. Ethanol has lower boiling point than water so evaporates first. 2) Ethanol vapour is then cooled and condensed in le condenser to form a pure liquid. 3) When all ethanol has evaporated temp. rises and water evaporates.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Step 1 - water and ethanol solution are heated. Step 2 - the ethanol evaporates first, cools, then condenses. Step 3 - the water left evaporates, cools, then condenses.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Small HC = few carbon atoms, LOW BOILING POINTS, gases. HC with between 5 und 12 Carbon atoms = USUALLY LIQUIDS. Large HC = many Carbon atoms, HIGH BOILING POINTS, solids. Because of different boiling points, substances in Crude Oil separated by FD.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Science resources:

See all Science resources »See all Physics resources »