Name four ways in which a desert animal may be adapted to its environment
1. Large surface area to volume ratio 2. Efficient with water (e.g. produce little sweat) 3. Good in hot conditions (e.g. thin fur and little fat) 4. Good camouflage
1 of 22
State three ways in which plants may be adapted to deter predators
1. Thorns/spines 2. Produce poisons 3. Warning colours
2 of 22
Name the four things that plants compete for
1. Light 2. Space 3. Water 4. Minerals (nutrients) from soil
3 of 22
Name the four things that animals compete for
1. Space (territory) 2. Food 3. Water 4. Mates
4 of 22
Give two examples of non-living factors that can cause environmental changes
1. A change in average temperature 2. A change in average rainfall
5 of 22
Explain how lichen can be used as a pollution indicator
Lichen are very sensitive to the concentration of sulphur dioxide in the atmosphere. The number and type of lichen at a particular location will indicate how clean the air is (more lichen = cleaner air)
6 of 22
Name an organism that can be used as a water pollution indicator
Mayfly larvae
7 of 22
What does each bar on a pyramid of biomass indicate?
It indicates the mass of living material at that stage of the food chain
8 of 22
Give one way that energy is lost from a food chain
Respiration
9 of 22
Give three ways that carbon compounds in a food chain become carbon dioxide in the air again
1. Plant respiration 2. CO2 released from decay 3. Burning of fossil fuels
10 of 22
Name three animal characteristics that are determined only by genes
1. Eye colour 2. Blood group 3. Inherited disorders
11 of 22
Name three animal characteristics that are determined by a mixture of genes and the environment
1. Skin colour 2. Height 3. Body weight
12 of 22
Give an example of an organism that can produce offspring using asexual reproduction
Bacteria
13 of 22
Which type of reproduction involves two parents?
Sexual reproduction
14 of 22
Which type of reproduction produces offspring that are clones of the parent?
Asexual reproduction
15 of 22
Which type of reproduction creates variation within the offspring?
Sexual reproduction
16 of 22
Which type of reproduction doesn't involve the fusion of gametes?
Asexual reproduction
17 of 22
Which cloning method involves the actual fertilisation of an egg cell?
Embryo transplants
18 of 22
State two examples of useful applications of genetic engineering
1. Gene therapy 2. GM crops
19 of 22
Why are some people concerned about genetic engineering?
1. Some argue that it could reduce biodiversity 2. Some are worried about the safety of GM crops 3. Some are worried that transplanted genes may get out into the natural environment (could cause herbicide resistance)
20 of 22
Describe a mutation seen in some strains of bacteria that is beneficial to the bacteria
Antibiotic resistance
21 of 22
Explain how Lamarck's hypothesis was different from Darwin's
Lamarck thought that acquired characteristics would be passed on to the next generation, whereas Darwin thought that beneficial characteristics would be passed on to offspring
22 of 22
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
State three ways in which plants may be adapted to deter predators
Back
1. Thorns/spines 2. Produce poisons 3. Warning colours
Card 3
Front
Name the four things that plants compete for
Back
Card 4
Front
Name the four things that animals compete for
Back
Card 5
Front
Give two examples of non-living factors that can cause environmental changes
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