Revision for Biology 1a

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Name all the food groups you should eat to have a balanced diet
Carbohydrates, fats, protein and fibre (+ vitamins and mineral ions)
1 of 25
What is metabolic rate?
The speed at which chemical reactions in the body take place
2 of 25
What kind of diseases are caused from a lack of certain vitamins or minerals?
Deficiency diseases
3 of 25
What does it mean is a person is malnourished?
It means that their diet is badly out of balance
4 of 25
Name the three bodily defences that stop microorganisms getting inside the body
Skin, hairs and mucus
5 of 25
What are the three stages that happen when a white blood cell comes across a foreign microbe?
1. Consuming them 2. Producing antibodies 3. Producing antitoxins
6 of 25
Which three diseases is the MMR vaccine used to protect children from?
Measles, mumps and rubella
7 of 25
Name one type of bacteria that has developed resistance to antibiotics
MRSA
8 of 25
What practice did Semmelweis introduce in the 1840s?
Washing hands
9 of 25
Explain why this reduced death rates in his wards
The antiseptic solution killed bacteria on the doctors' hands, so it reduced the spread of diseases
10 of 25
Why is is hard to develop effective vaccines against viruses?
They mutate often, so the change in DNA can lead to them having different antigens
11 of 25
Describe how the CNS controls the body
It consists of the brain and spinal cord only. Neurones transmit information as electrical impulses to effectors which response accordingly
12 of 25
What is a stimulus?
A change in the external environment that can be detected (e.g. light, sound, temperature, etc.)
13 of 25
Which two types of receptors do ears contain?
Sound and balance
14 of 25
What is a synapse?
It is the connection between two neurons
15 of 25
What is the order of a reflex arc?
Stimulus -> Receptor -> Sensory neurone -> Spinal Cord -> Relay neurone -> Motor neurone -> Effector -> Response
16 of 25
Define 'hormone'
Hormones are chemical messages which travel in the blood to activate target cells
17 of 25
Describe the four stages of the menstrual cycle
1. Day 1 is when bleeding starts 2. Lining of uterus builds up again from day 4 to 14 3. Egg is developed and released at day 14 4. Wall is maintained from day 14 to 28
18 of 25
Describe two effects of FSH on the body
1. It causes an egg to mature in one of the ovaries 2. It stimulates the ovaries to produce oestrogen
19 of 25
Briefly describe how IVF is carried out
Eggs are collected from a woman's ovaries and are fertilised in a lab using the man's sperm. These are then grown into embryos and one or two are transferred to the woman's uterus
20 of 25
What is auxin?
It is a plant hormone that controls growth near the tips of shoots and roots
21 of 25
Explain how auxin causes plant shoots to grow towards the light
When a shoot tip is exposed to light, more auxin accumulates on the shaded side. This makes the cells grow faster on the shaded side, the plant shoot bends towards the light
22 of 25
Describe how the amount and concentration of urine you produce changes on a cold day
On a cold day you don't sweat as much, so you'll produce more urine which will be more dilated
23 of 25
What effect do stimulants have on the body?
Increase heart rate
24 of 25
Name the three main stages in drug trials
1. Human cells and tissues 2. Live animals 3. Clinical trial (human volunteers)
25 of 25

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is metabolic rate?

Back

The speed at which chemical reactions in the body take place

Card 3

Front

What kind of diseases are caused from a lack of certain vitamins or minerals?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does it mean is a person is malnourished?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Name the three bodily defences that stop microorganisms getting inside the body

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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