Restless Earth 0.0 / 5 ? GeographyRestless EarthGCSEEdexcel Created by: AmyTurnerCreated on: 29-03-15 16:44 Atmosphere The layer of gases which make up the air around us. 1 of 18 Hydrosphere The layer of water (seas, rivers, lakes, groundwater and ice) on the Earths crust. 2 of 18 Biosphere The very thin layer of living things (animals, plants and humans) living on the earths crust 3 of 18 Geosphere The rocks of the Earths crust, and deeper into the Earth towards the core. 4 of 18 Lithosphere The uppermost layer of the Earth. It is cool and brittle. It includes the very top of the mantle and, above this, the crust. 5 of 18 Continental crust forms the land. This is made mostly of granite, which is a low density igneous rock. On average 30-50km thick. 6 of 18 Oceanic crust Under the ocean. Much thinner than the continental crust - usually 6-8km thick. It is also denser and made of an igneous rock called basalt. 7 of 18 Mantle The middle layer of the Earth. It lies between the crust and the core, it is about 2900km thick. 8 of 18 Asthenosphere Part of the earths mantle. It is a hot, semi-molten layer that lies beneath the tectonic plates. It is between 20 and 70km thick. 9 of 18 Lowe mantle Part of the mantle. It is a hot solid layer that lies below the Asthenosphere. It is composed of peridotite. 10 of 18 Core The innermost layer of the Earth. It lies below the mantle and is made up of iron and nickel 11 of 18 Outer core Part of the core. It is liquid and about 2300km thick. It lies above the inner core 12 of 18 Inner core Shaped like a ball. It is hot but a solid. 13 of 18 Convection currents These transfer heat from one part of a liquid or gas to another.They occur in the atmosphere and the Earths mantle. 14 of 18 Plumes Concentrated zones of heat. Ina plume the mantle is less dense. They bring magma to the surface . 15 of 18 Magnetosphere A huge invisible magnetic field which surrounds the earth. It protects the earth from harmful radiation from space and the sun. 16 of 18 Tectonic plates The Earths surface is broken into large pieces, like a cracked eggshell. These pieces are called tectonic plates. 17 of 18 Plate boundary Where tectonic plates meet. There are three kinds. 18 of 18
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