Restless Earth

?
What are the layers to the earth?
Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Asthenosphere, Crust
1 of 30
What is the inner core?
centre of the earth whre it is hottest. Solid- consists of iron and nickle. Temp up to 5,500 degrees.
2 of 30
what is the outer core?
liquid layer also composed of iron and nickle. temp similar to inner core
3 of 30
What is the mantle?
widest section of the earth. about 2900km made up of magma towards top harder closer to center beginning to melt
4 of 30
What is the Asthenosphere?
the upper layer of the earth's mantle
5 of 30
What is the Crust?
thin outer layer of the earth between only 0-60km thick. solid rock layer which we live on
6 of 30
What are the 2 different types of crust?
Continental and Oceanic
7 of 30
What is the earths crust broken up into?
pieces called plates
8 of 30
How do the plates move?
by convection currents caused by heat rising and falling generated by radioactive decay in the core causes the plates to move
9 of 30
What is plate tectonics?
The plate movement and the activity inside the earth
10 of 30
What do plate tectonics cause?
earthquakes and volcanoes which usually occur on plate boundaries
11 of 30
What are destructive plate boundaries?
where two plates collide and one flows beneath the other (subduction)
12 of 30
What happens at destructive plate boundaries?
earthquakes and volcanoes e.g. Nazca plate
13 of 30
What are constructive plate boundaries?
rising convention currents pull crusts apart forming volcanic ridge
14 of 30
where is an example of constructive plate boundaries?
mid Atlantic ridge
15 of 30
What are conservative plate boundaries?
two plates slide past each other
16 of 30
What happens at conservative plate boundaries?
earthquakes e.g. san andreas fault
17 of 30
What happens at collision plate boundaries?
two continental plates collide and the two plates buckle many earthquakes occur here e.g. eurasian plates
18 of 30
What are the two ways of measuring the magnitude of earthquakes?
the Richter scale and the Mercalli scale
19 of 30
What does the Richter scale measure?
the amount of energy that is released from the earthquake
20 of 30
What does the Mercalli scale measure?
the effects or impacts
21 of 30
How many people were killed in the Haiti earthquake?
316,000
22 of 30
How many people were made homeless by the Haiti earthquake?
1 million
23 of 30
How many buildings were damages or destroyed in the Haiti earthquake?
250,000 homes and 30,000 other buildings badly damaged or destroyed
24 of 30
How many hospitals and schools were damaged in the Haiti quake?
50+ hospitals and 1300+ schools
25 of 30
Why is it difficult to predict earthquakes and volcano eruptions?
we don't know: when it will happen, exactly where it will happen, how big it will be, what other impacts it may have, how many people live there
26 of 30
How can we predict a volcanic eruption?
animals and birds moving out from and area, increase in gas emissions, increase in soil temp, volcano swelling, increase in small quakes, water [ponds getting warmer
27 of 30
How can monitoring gas emissions help to predict volcanic eruptions?
when it is close to erupting it starts to release gasses such as sulphur the higher the content of the gases the closer the eruption is
28 of 30
How can we use an increase in temp of soil and hot springs to predict a volcanic eruption?
the temp around the volcano will increase when it is about to erupt so the hotter it is the closer the eruption
29 of 30
How does an increase in small earthquakes mean there will be an eruption?
as the magma moves up through the cracks in the earth crust many small earthquakes are set off
30 of 30

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the inner core?

Back

centre of the earth whre it is hottest. Solid- consists of iron and nickle. Temp up to 5,500 degrees.

Card 3

Front

what is the outer core?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the mantle?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the Asthenosphere?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Geography resources:

See all Geography resources »See all Restless Earth resources »