Respiratory System

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what is the main function of the respiratory system?
to bring o2 in and remove co2, allowing respiration to take place
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what is the route of the respiratory system?
nose & nasal passages/mouth, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
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what do the air passages do?
create a pathway for air to get to the lungs
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what helps to filter the air?
hairs and mucus in the nose - stops larger particles of dust and pollen getting into the lungs
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what are two muscles that are part of the respiratory system?
diaphragm, intercostal muscles
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what is the diaphragm?
thick sheet of muscles located below the lungs
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where are the intercostal muscles?
between the ribs
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what do the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles do?
allow the chest cavity to increase and decrease in size
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what are the alveoli?
small air sacs found in the lungs
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where does gaseous exchange take place in the respiratory system?
the alveoli
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what happens to the intercostal muscles when you breath in?
they contract
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what happens to the diaphragm whe you breath in?
tightens and lowers - lifting the chest upwards
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what happens to the intercostal muscles whilst exhaling?
relax
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what happens to the diaphragm when exhaling?
moves up
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what are 3 features of alveoli?
walls are 1 cell thick and moist, very tiny but millions in lungs, covered with capillaries
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why is it beneficial that there are millions of alveoli in the lungs?
large surface area = more places for gaseous exchange to take place
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why is it beneficial that the alveoli are covered in capillaries?
provides a constant blood supply
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why is it beneficial that the alveoli are only 1 cell thick?
east for CO2 and O2 to pass through the thin, moist walls
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what is aerobic respiration?
'with oxygen', body uses glucose and O2 to create energy
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what is the equation for aerobic respiration?
oxygen + glucose -> carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
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what is anaerobic respiration?
'without oxygen', cells use glucose to produce energy without the presence of oxygen
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what is the equation for anaerobic respiration?
glucose -> lactic acid (+ energy)
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what is tidal volume?
the volume of air inhaled by each breath
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what is respiratory rate?
the number of breaths taken per minute
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what is minute volume?
the volume of air inhaled or exhaled per minute
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what is vital capacity?
maximum amount of air you can breath out after breathing in the maximum amount you can
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VO2 max
the maximum amount of oxygen your body can make use of in one minute
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name 4 short term effects of exercise on the respiratory system
inc. tidal volume, inc. respiratort rate, inc. minutre volume, O2 debt during anaerobic activity
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name 6 long term effects of exercise on the respiratory system
diaphragm+intercostal muscles get stronger, tidal volume increases, more alveoli, more CO2 and O2 in each breath, inc. vital capacity, lower resting and working respiratory rate, more capillaries around alveoli
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is the route of the respiratory system?

Back

nose & nasal passages/mouth, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Card 3

Front

what do the air passages do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what helps to filter the air?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what are two muscles that are part of the respiratory system?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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