Variables that are controlled by the investigator or kept constant.
2 of 24
Confounding Variable
Variables that can affect the results in some way or form.
3 of 24
True Experiment
Everything is kept constant, any chance in the DV must be a result of manipulating the IV.
4 of 24
Good Experimental Design
Must allocate Ps randomly or don't allow Ps to experience each condition.
5 of 24
Quasi-Experiment
Investigator lacks complete control over the IV or the sample chosen.
6 of 24
Laboratory Experiment
Highest level of control, widely used, accurate measurements made and normally produces quantitative data.
7 of 24
Demand Characteristics
Occur when Ps try to make sense of the situation and adjust their behaviour, effecting the results.
8 of 24
Field Experiment
Carried out in the natural environment of those being studied, researcher manipulated the IV to produce a change in the Dv.
9 of 24
Ecological Validity
How close the situation is to a real-life situation, whether you can generalise the findings or not.
10 of 24
Natural Experiment
Naturally occurring differences in the IV, quasi-experiment, researcher doesn't control the IV.
11 of 24
Correlation
Statistical data that measures the relationship between two variables.
12 of 24
Correlation Coefficient
A statistic that has a value between +1 and -1, the strength of the correlation increases as the correlation coefficient moves away from zero and becomes closer to - or + 1.
13 of 24
Cause and Effect Relationship
Noting a relationship between actions or events such that one or more are the result of the other or others.
14 of 24
Observational Techniques
Behaviour is observed and recorder and usually there is no deliberate manipulation of variables.
15 of 24
Sel-Report Technique: Questionnaire
Ps provide information knowingly about specific things relating to themselves, widely used. Qualitative and Quantitative data can be produced.
16 of 24
Survey
Involved the systematic gathering of data from large numbers of people
17 of 24
Closed Question
When the researcher determines the range of possible answers.
18 of 24
Open-ended Questions
Doesn't restrict the range of possible answers.
19 of 24
Leading Questions
Choice of wording used suggests that the Ps should reply in a certain/different way.
20 of 24
Perfect Questionnaire:
Number of Questions to a minimum, short, clear, sensitive and piloted.
21 of 24
Interviews
Face-to-face, purpose and aims.
22 of 24
Structured Interview
Aim to produce quantitative data, same as perfect questionnaire but spoken aloud.
23 of 24
Case Study
In-depth study over time on a small group or individual, real-life context, data is mainly gathered through interviews and observation, so usually qualitative is produced.
24 of 24
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Variables that are controlled by the investigator or kept constant.
Back
Control Variable
Card 3
Front
Variables that can affect the results in some way or form.
Back
Card 4
Front
Everything is kept constant, any chance in the DV must be a result of manipulating the IV.
Back
Card 5
Front
Must allocate Ps randomly or don't allow Ps to experience each condition.
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